Calcium and iron intakes of adolescents in Malaysia and their relationships with body mass index (BMI): findings from the Adolescent Nutrition Survey 2017

Ruhaya Salleh, . and Ruzita Abd. Talib, . and Munawara Pardi, . and Nur Shahida Abdul Aziz, . and Syafinaz Mohd Sallehuddin, . and Norazizah Ibrahim Wong, . and Rashidah Ambak, . and Mohd Azahadi Omar, . Calcium and iron intakes of adolescents in Malaysia and their relationships with body mass index (BMI): findings from the Adolescent Nutrition Survey 2017. pp. 317-326. ISSN 1394–035X

Introduction: Adolescent health is a priority considering they represent the future generation. Data from the Adolescent Nutrition Survey 2017 were analysed to determine the prevalence of micronutrient inadequacy particularly calcium and iron and the relationship with body mass index (BMI) among Malaysian secondary school students. Methods: This cross-sectional study included students aged 13 to 17 years old studying at public and private schools. Twenty-four hours dietary recall via face-to-face interview was conducted by trained nutritionists to obtain data on dietary intake. For nutritional status BMI-for-age z-score (BAZ) was analysed using WHO Anthroplus software. Results: From 999 respondents 449 were boys and 550 were girls. Overall findings indicated that both boys and girls had inadequate intakes of calcium and iron in their daily diet. Mean intakes of calcium (695.7463.2 mg/day) and iron (23.421.0 mg/day) were higher among boys aged 16 to 17 years old. Mean intake of iron were higher among the older age groups. Majority of the respondents (boys: 94; girls: 97) did not meet the recommended nutrient intake (RNI) for calcium and more than half (boys: 50; girl: 80) did not achieve the RNI for iron. Current findings also found significant positive but weak correlations between calcium (r0.112 p0.001) and iron (r0.084 p0.008) intakes with BMI-for-age. Conclusion: BMI-for-age was related to calcium and iron intakes among secondary school students in Malaysia. Thus intervention strategies should focus on early screening and nutrition education on food choices of high calcium and high iron contents including iron supplementation programmes if needed.

Full text available from: Official URL: https://www.nutriweb.org.my/mjn/publication/27-2/V...

Abstract

Introduction: Adolescent health is a priority considering they represent the future generation. Data from the Adolescent Nutrition Survey 2017 were analysed to determine the prevalence of micronutrient inadequacy particularly calcium and iron and the relationship with body mass index (BMI) among Malaysian secondary school students. Methods: This cross-sectional study included students aged 13 to 17 years old studying at public and private schools. Twenty-four hours dietary recall via face-to-face interview was conducted by trained nutritionists to obtain data on dietary intake. For nutritional status BMI-for-age z-score (BAZ) was analysed using WHO Anthroplus software. Results: From 999 respondents 449 were boys and 550 were girls. Overall findings indicated that both boys and girls had inadequate intakes of calcium and iron in their daily diet. Mean intakes of calcium (695.7463.2 mg/day) and iron (23.421.0 mg/day) were higher among boys aged 16 to 17 years old. Mean intake of iron were higher among the older age groups. Majority of the respondents (boys: 94; girls: 97) did not meet the recommended nutrient intake (RNI) for calcium and more than half (boys: 50; girl: 80) did not achieve the RNI for iron. Current findings also found significant positive but weak correlations between calcium (r0.112 p0.001) and iron (r0.084 p0.008) intakes with BMI-for-age. Conclusion: BMI-for-age was related to calcium and iron intakes among secondary school students in Malaysia. Thus intervention strategies should focus on early screening and nutrition education on food choices of high calcium and high iron contents including iron supplementation programmes if needed.

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Item Type:	Article
AGROVOC Term:	Adolescents
AGROVOC Term:	Anthropometry
AGROVOC Term:	Nutritional assessment of diet
AGROVOC Term:	Nutrition surveys
AGROVOC Term:	Calcium
AGROVOC Term:	Iron
AGROVOC Term:	Nutrient intake
AGROVOC Term:	Body mass
AGROVOC Term:	Body measurements
AGROVOC Term:	Nutritional disorders
Depositing User:	Mr. AFANDI ABDUL MALEK
Last Modified:	24 Apr 2025 00:55
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/10107

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