Zebrafish embryotoxicity and teratogenic effects of Christia vespertilionis leaf extract

Khozirah Shaari, . and Wan Norhamidah Wan Ibrahim, . and Anis Irfan Norazhar, . and Nur Atikah Saleh Hodin, . and Siti Munirah Mohd Faudzi, . Zebrafish embryotoxicity and teratogenic effects of Christia vespertilionis leaf extract. pp. 351-366. ISSN 0128-7702

Christia vespertilionis or butterfly wings is a traditional medicinal plant used to treat among others colds and bronchitis. The plant was also reported to be a remedy for cancer with several products based on the plant becoming commercially available raising some safety concerns on its consumption. The present study was carried out to assess the toxic and teratogenic effects of the plant on the embryonic development of zebrafish (Danio rerio) as the animal model. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to 50 100 200 400 and 800 g/mL of the methanolic leaf extract of C. vespertilionis starting from 5 to 120 hours post-fertilization (hpf). The median lethal concentration (LC‚‚) value of the extract was determined to be 419.84 g/mL which is within the safety limit stipulated by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guideline. However results from the teratogenicity evaluation revealed multiple signs of developmental defects in embryos exposed to 200 g/ mL and higher concentrations of the extract. The magnitude of the defects was observed to be concentration-dependent. Moreover no hatching and spontaneous movement of tail coiling were observed at 400 and 800 g/mL concentrations due to the delayed growth and early mortality respectively. A significant reduction in heartbeat rate was also reported for the surviving embryos at the 400 g/ mL test concentration. The present study has provided preliminary results on the potentially toxic and teratogenic effects of the extract at high concentrations.

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Abstract

Christia vespertilionis or butterfly wings is a traditional medicinal plant used to treat among others colds and bronchitis. The plant was also reported to be a remedy for cancer with several products based on the plant becoming commercially available raising some safety concerns on its consumption. The present study was carried out to assess the toxic and teratogenic effects of the plant on the embryonic development of zebrafish (Danio rerio) as the animal model. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to 50 100 200 400 and 800 g/mL of the methanolic leaf extract of C. vespertilionis starting from 5 to 120 hours post-fertilization (hpf). The median lethal concentration (LC‚‚) value of the extract was determined to be 419.84 g/mL which is within the safety limit stipulated by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guideline. However results from the teratogenicity evaluation revealed multiple signs of developmental defects in embryos exposed to 200 g/ mL and higher concentrations of the extract. The magnitude of the defects was observed to be concentration-dependent. Moreover no hatching and spontaneous movement of tail coiling were observed at 400 and 800 g/mL concentrations due to the delayed growth and early mortality respectively. A significant reduction in heartbeat rate was also reported for the surviving embryos at the 400 g/ mL test concentration. The present study has provided preliminary results on the potentially toxic and teratogenic effects of the extract at high concentrations.

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Item Type:	Article
AGROVOC Term:	Teratogenicity
AGROVOC Term:	Leaf extracts
AGROVOC Term:	Genetic abnormalities
AGROVOC Term:	Medicinal plants
AGROVOC Term:	Embryonic development
AGROVOC Term:	Plant extracts
AGROVOC Term:	Pharmacology
AGROVOC Term:	Experiments
AGROVOC Term:	Spawning
AGROVOC Term:	Statistical analysis
Depositing User:	Mr. AFANDI ABDUL MALEK
Last Modified:	24 Apr 2025 00:55
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/10517

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