Exploitation of Elaeis oleifera germplasm in improving the quality of palm oil

Mukesh Sharma, . (2006) Exploitation of Elaeis oleifera germplasm in improving the quality of palm oil. [Proceedings Paper]

The South American oil palm Elaeis oleifera has been of interest to oil palm breeders owing to its low rate of height increment and more importantly because of its crude oil composition which is highly unsaturated iodine value or I. V. bigger and equal to 86. Because of its inherently low oil yield direct exploitation is not possible. Most work on attempting to exploit this species has been focussed on inter-specific hybridisation between E. oleifera and E. guineensis. The first planting of F1 OG hybrids at UP Bhd was in 1959 and consisted of Deli and Dumpy duras crossed to KLM suspected Brazilian E. oleifera. Subsequently pollen from E. oleifera of Brazilian origin and F1 OG hybrid crosses E.o Brazil x E.g Yangambi and La Me were obtained from IRHO in the early 1970s. Some of these hybrid progenies could yield comparably with E. guineensis DxP but were poorer in terms of oil yield and the iodine value was in the mid 60s. This led to prospections of E. oleifera germplasm from Central and South America covering Colombia Panama and Costa Rica. The performance of these materials at Jendarata Estate UP Bhd on coastal clays showed that in general the Colombian materials had higher ffb yields when compared to the other origins. Although the ffb yield and I. V. of the Colombian Panamanian and Costa Rican materials was superior to Brazilian E. oleiferas the latter had bigger fruits lower shell to fruit ratio and consequently higher oil to bunch ratios. Introgressing these materials interorigin crosses could possibly improve the E. oleifera resulting in more superior F1 OG hybrids. Some deleterious and poor traits have been observed to be transmitted to the hybrids from the E. oleifera. Breeding and selection within the E. oleiferas could help eliminate these undesirable traits and improve the quality of the subsequent F1 OG hybrids and backcrosses. Results from F1 OG hybrid and backcross trials presented show the potential of using specific ecotypes of high I. V. E. guineensis in obtaining superior hybrid progenies. The possibilities of exploiting these materials via cloning marker-assisted selection and through conventional breeding techniques are expected to yield positive results in the near future.

Full text available from:

Abstract

The South American oil palm Elaeis oleifera has been of interest to oil palm breeders owing to its low rate of height increment and more importantly because of its crude oil composition which is highly unsaturated iodine value or I. V. bigger and equal to 86. Because of its inherently low oil yield direct exploitation is not possible. Most work on attempting to exploit this species has been focussed on inter-specific hybridisation between E. oleifera and E. guineensis. The first planting of F1 OG hybrids at UP Bhd was in 1959 and consisted of Deli and Dumpy duras crossed to KLM suspected Brazilian E. oleifera. Subsequently pollen from E. oleifera of Brazilian origin and F1 OG hybrid crosses E.o Brazil x E.g Yangambi and La Me were obtained from IRHO in the early 1970s. Some of these hybrid progenies could yield comparably with E. guineensis DxP but were poorer in terms of oil yield and the iodine value was in the mid 60s. This led to prospections of E. oleifera germplasm from Central and South America covering Colombia Panama and Costa Rica. The performance of these materials at Jendarata Estate UP Bhd on coastal clays showed that in general the Colombian materials had higher ffb yields when compared to the other origins. Although the ffb yield and I. V. of the Colombian Panamanian and Costa Rican materials was superior to Brazilian E. oleiferas the latter had bigger fruits lower shell to fruit ratio and consequently higher oil to bunch ratios. Introgressing these materials interorigin crosses could possibly improve the E. oleifera resulting in more superior F1 OG hybrids. Some deleterious and poor traits have been observed to be transmitted to the hybrids from the E. oleifera. Breeding and selection within the E. oleiferas could help eliminate these undesirable traits and improve the quality of the subsequent F1 OG hybrids and backcrosses. Results from F1 OG hybrid and backcross trials presented show the potential of using specific ecotypes of high I. V. E. guineensis in obtaining superior hybrid progenies. The possibilities of exploiting these materials via cloning marker-assisted selection and through conventional breeding techniques are expected to yield positive results in the near future.

[error in script]

Item Type:	Proceedings Paper
Additional Information:	Available at Perpustakaan Sultan Abdul Samad Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Malaysia. SB299 P3I61 2000 Call Number Call Number
AGROVOC Term:	Elaeis oleifera
AGROVOC Term:	Germplasm
AGROVOC Term:	Palm oils
AGROVOC Term:	Plant breeders
AGROVOC Term:	Hybridization
AGROVOC Term:	Iodine
AGROVOC Term:	Breeding methods
AGROVOC Term:	Fatty acids
AGROVOC Term:	Backcrossing
Geographical Term:	MALAYSIA
Depositing User:	Ms. Suzila Mohamad Kasim
Last Modified:	24 Apr 2025 05:14
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/11891

Actions (login required)

View Item