Altered lignin and lignin enzynte inhibitors to control Ganoderma rot of oil palm

Russell R., . and Paterson M., . and Lima Nelson, . (2009) Altered lignin and lignin enzynte inhibitors to control Ganoderma rot of oil palm. [Proceedings Paper]

Palm oil PO is used in the production of foods cosmetics pharmaceuticals and biodiesel. The palm is of crucial economic importance in;Southeast Asia where it is grown extensively in Malaysia and Indonesia. However oil palm OP is susceptible to a white rot disease caused by Ganoderma. In addition there appears to be an error when symptoms are described as a dry rot and this term persists. Dry rot is caused by Serpula lacrymans in houses and is quite different. It is important to control disease especially where vulnerable monocultures are involved and to reduce demand for growing OP in cleared forests. The existing literature is concerned with the mode of spread and molecular biology of Ganoderma. WRF are capable exclusively of degrading lignin to carbon dioxide and water: celluloses become available as nutrients for the fungus. However this fundamental process has been ignored by academia and industry. The perception reveals novel tools for control i breeding/selecting for resistant cultivars with high lignin content ii ensuring that the conditions for lignin decomposition are reduced and iii sealing damage to stop decay. Furthermore OP rot by Ganoderma may be controlled by inhibitors of the ligninolytic enzymes. There are few data on the lignin composition of OP and none on how it is degraded by OP Ganoderma. Ligninolytic enzymes can be inhibited by i temperature pH and aeration ii high carbon and nitrogen and iii halides metal chelators heavy metals and reducing agents. These require being tested against the lignin enzymes of Ganoderma from OP. Such compounds could be injected sprayed and/or added to the soil. The environment in which OP is grown could be important in terms of aeration and temperature. In addition altering the lignin fraction of OP may reduce losses which could be achieved by breeding or transformations. Progress in transforming OP is described OP have been produced using Bt genes which require to be tested for lignin concentration/structure and resistance to Ganoderma. The knowledge gained can be employed in the rapid degradation of OP waste on the plantation floor as an additional benefit. The control of Ganoderma on OP would benefit greatly from further consideration of the process as one of white rot.

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Abstract

Palm oil PO is used in the production of foods cosmetics pharmaceuticals and biodiesel. The palm is of crucial economic importance in;Southeast Asia where it is grown extensively in Malaysia and Indonesia. However oil palm OP is susceptible to a white rot disease caused by Ganoderma. In addition there appears to be an error when symptoms are described as a dry rot and this term persists. Dry rot is caused by Serpula lacrymans in houses and is quite different. It is important to control disease especially where vulnerable monocultures are involved and to reduce demand for growing OP in cleared forests. The existing literature is concerned with the mode of spread and molecular biology of Ganoderma. WRF are capable exclusively of degrading lignin to carbon dioxide and water: celluloses become available as nutrients for the fungus. However this fundamental process has been ignored by academia and industry. The perception reveals novel tools for control i breeding/selecting for resistant cultivars with high lignin content ii ensuring that the conditions for lignin decomposition are reduced and iii sealing damage to stop decay. Furthermore OP rot by Ganoderma may be controlled by inhibitors of the ligninolytic enzymes. There are few data on the lignin composition of OP and none on how it is degraded by OP Ganoderma. Ligninolytic enzymes can be inhibited by i temperature pH and aeration ii high carbon and nitrogen and iii halides metal chelators heavy metals and reducing agents. These require being tested against the lignin enzymes of Ganoderma from OP. Such compounds could be injected sprayed and/or added to the soil. The environment in which OP is grown could be important in terms of aeration and temperature. In addition altering the lignin fraction of OP may reduce losses which could be achieved by breeding or transformations. Progress in transforming OP is described OP have been produced using Bt genes which require to be tested for lignin concentration/structure and resistance to Ganoderma. The knowledge gained can be employed in the rapid degradation of OP waste on the plantation floor as an additional benefit. The control of Ganoderma on OP would benefit greatly from further consideration of the process as one of white rot.

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Item Type:	Proceedings Paper
Additional Information:	Available at Perpustakaan Sultan Abdul Samad Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Malaysia. mal TP684 P3I61 2009 vol. 1 Call Number
AGROVOC Term:	Oil palm
AGROVOC Term:	Ganoderma
AGROVOC Term:	Lignins
AGROVOC Term:	Palm oils
AGROVOC Term:	White rot wood
AGROVOC Term:	Disease control
AGROVOC Term:	Molecular biology
AGROVOC Term:	Aeration
AGROVOC Term:	Inorganic fertilizers
AGROVOC Term:	Plantations
Geographical Term:	MALAYSIA
Depositing User:	Ms. Suzila Mohamad Kasim
Last Modified:	24 Apr 2025 05:14
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/12302

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