Plant quarantine requirements and their impact on international trade in cut flowers

Kong S. M., . and Che An Mohd Joned, . (1992) Plant quarantine requirements and their impact on international trade in cut flowers. [Proceedings Paper]

Quarantine regulations for cut flowers which vary in stringency from country to country ranges from prohibition to free entry and to the need for either an import permit or phytosanitary certificate or to both. Inspection on arrival is imposed in almost all countries. Treatment destruction or refusal to entry are normally applied to flowers found infested during inspection on arrival. Prohibited varieties may be allowed entry if the area of production is proven to be free from the prohibited pest or if it is adequately disinfested according to procedures acceptable to the importing country. To minimise risk of pest establishment devitalisation of propagatable flower stalks prior to export or upon arrival is a requirement for entry into some countries. For bulk importations preclearance program and assured phytosanitary certification scheme have been introduced. Quarantine regulations may be constructed as barriers to trade if they are not based on sound biological principles. Prohibitions currently in force in some countries limit the international market access for the prohibited varieties as well as those varieties known to be hosts of the prohibited pests. The need to comply to any of the quarantine requirement of importing countries incurrs additional cost to the exporters as well as the importers. Depending on the stringency of the requirement the extra expenses may range from a mere fee for an import permit to the cost of despatching and maintaining a plant quarantine inspector in the exporting country as required in the proclearance program. In some countries the expenses for quarantine research is borne fully or in part by the exporters. The prevailing quarantine regulations affect the Malaysian cut flower export considering the fact that the locally produced flowers are susceptable to infection or infestation by pests some of which are prohibited in many countries

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Abstract

Quarantine regulations for cut flowers which vary in stringency from country to country ranges from prohibition to free entry and to the need for either an import permit or phytosanitary certificate or to both. Inspection on arrival is imposed in almost all countries. Treatment destruction or refusal to entry are normally applied to flowers found infested during inspection on arrival. Prohibited varieties may be allowed entry if the area of production is proven to be free from the prohibited pest or if it is adequately disinfested according to procedures acceptable to the importing country. To minimise risk of pest establishment devitalisation of propagatable flower stalks prior to export or upon arrival is a requirement for entry into some countries. For bulk importations preclearance program and assured phytosanitary certification scheme have been introduced. Quarantine regulations may be constructed as barriers to trade if they are not based on sound biological principles. Prohibitions currently in force in some countries limit the international market access for the prohibited varieties as well as those varieties known to be hosts of the prohibited pests. The need to comply to any of the quarantine requirement of importing countries incurrs additional cost to the exporters as well as the importers. Depending on the stringency of the requirement the extra expenses may range from a mere fee for an import permit to the cost of despatching and maintaining a plant quarantine inspector in the exporting country as required in the proclearance program. In some countries the expenses for quarantine research is borne fully or in part by the exporters. The prevailing quarantine regulations affect the Malaysian cut flower export considering the fact that the locally produced flowers are susceptable to infection or infestation by pests some of which are prohibited in many countries

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Item Type:	Proceedings Paper
Additional Information:	Available at Perpustakaan Sultan Abdul Samad Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Malaysia. SB409 W926 1992 Call Number.
AGROVOC Term:	Orchidaceae
AGROVOC Term:	Ornamental orchids
AGROVOC Term:	Quarantine
AGROVOC Term:	International trade
AGROVOC Term:	Cut flowers
AGROVOC Term:	Malaysia
Geographical Term:	MALAYSIA
Depositing User:	Ms. Norfaezah Khomsan
Last Modified:	24 Apr 2025 05:26
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/14854

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