Genetic variability of MPOB-Cameroon oil palm germplasm based on morphological traits using multivariate analysis

Wan Nor Salmiah Tun Mohd Salim and Zulkifli Yaakub and Suzana Mustaffa and Nor Azwani Abu Bakar and Fatin Mohd Nasir and Marhalil Marjuni and Mohd Din Amiruddin and Meilina Ong Abdullah (2023) Genetic variability of MPOB-Cameroon oil palm germplasm based on morphological traits using multivariate analysis. Journal of Oil Palm Research (Malaysia), 35 (3). pp. 476-490. ISSN 2811-4701

Understanding genetic variability and its distribution among breeding materials is a prerequisite to improve conservation programmes and design breeding strategies. In this study, 31 populations of dura palms from MPOB-Cameroon oil palm germplasm were evaluated for 21 quantitative traits. Data retrieved from the MPOB Breeding Information System (MPOB-BIS™) was investigated for genetic variability using principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). The first six principal components (PC1PC6) with eigenvalue >1.0, accounted for 91.89% of the total variability. The first principal component, PC1 which accounted for 38.35% of the total variation was the largest, contributed by oil yield and total economic product. Whilst PC2 with 16.86% total variation was positively associated with bunch index, bunch number and kernel yield. Population CMR 03 is considered extremely distinct and most positive along PC1 as it performed well in most of bunch quality traits. Population CMR 13 is most positive towards PC2 and among the most negative towards PC1 due to good performance in some vegetative traits studied. CA revealed greater variation among the materials evaluated. Complementing this study with molecular analysis provides the impetus for leveraging new genetic resources in future oil palm improvements and more tractable conservation of oil palm germplasm.

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Abstract

Understanding genetic variability and its distribution among breeding materials is a prerequisite to improve conservation programmes and design breeding strategies. In this study, 31 populations of dura palms from MPOB-Cameroon oil palm germplasm were evaluated for 21 quantitative traits. Data retrieved from the MPOB Breeding Information System (MPOB-BIS™) was investigated for genetic variability using principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). The first six principal components (PC1PC6) with eigenvalue >1.0, accounted for 91.89% of the total variability. The first principal component, PC1 which accounted for 38.35% of the total variation was the largest, contributed by oil yield and total economic product. Whilst PC2 with 16.86% total variation was positively associated with bunch index, bunch number and kernel yield. Population CMR 03 is considered extremely distinct and most positive along PC1 as it performed well in most of bunch quality traits. Population CMR 13 is most positive towards PC2 and among the most negative towards PC1 due to good performance in some vegetative traits studied. CA revealed greater variation among the materials evaluated. Complementing this study with molecular analysis provides the impetus for leveraging new genetic resources in future oil palm improvements and more tractable conservation of oil palm germplasm.

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Item Type:	Article
AGROVOC Term:	oil palms
AGROVOC Term:	genetic resources
AGROVOC Term:	plant morphology
AGROVOC Term:	genetic variation
AGROVOC Term:	research
AGROVOC Term:	multivariate analysis
AGROVOC Term:	plant breeding
AGROVOC Term:	germplasm conservation
AGROVOC Term:	crop improvement
Geographical Term:	Malaysia
Uncontrolled Keywords:	cluster analysis, core collection, genetic resources, morphological characteristics, principal component analysis.
Depositing User:	Nor Hasnita Abdul Samat
Date Deposited:	29 Apr 2025 01:09
Last Modified:	29 Apr 2025 01:09
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/1756

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