Thermal oxidative ageing of epoxidised natural rubber

Abdul Rahman Rais, . and Abu Amu, . and Sidek Dulngali, . Thermal oxidative ageing of epoxidised natural rubber. pp. 256-269. ISSN 0127-7065

Retention in tensile property of epoxidised natural rubber (ENR) vulcanisate obtained after being subjected to thermal oxidative ageing is determined by the net result of the softening and hardening effects. These softening and hardening phenomena occur during the ageing process. Three types of fillers namely HAF black local clay and silica were investigated to observe the differences in the extent of hardening imparted by these fillers after ageing for three days at 100C. Of the three fillers investigated silica-filled ENR-50 (ENR with 50 mole per cent epoxidation) vulcanisates gave the highest extent of hardening compared to those of HAF black and local clay. Retention in tensile strength of above 90 could be obtained from vulcanisates with three different reinforcing systems. The investigation on the effectiveness of antioxidants in retaining the tensile strength of ENR-50 after ageing at 125C was confined to five amine and phenolic antioxidants. The effectiveness of these antioxidants in retaining the tensile strength was deduced as follows: Santoflex 13 IPPD Permanax TQ Permanax WSL Vulkanox KB. The most effective antioxidant Santoflex 13 required a low concentration (i.e. 0.2 p.h.r.) in order to give maximum retention in tensile strength and this can be an advantage in terms of reducing compound cost.

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Abstract

Retention in tensile property of epoxidised natural rubber (ENR) vulcanisate obtained after being subjected to thermal oxidative ageing is determined by the net result of the softening and hardening effects. These softening and hardening phenomena occur during the ageing process. Three types of fillers namely HAF black local clay and silica were investigated to observe the differences in the extent of hardening imparted by these fillers after ageing for three days at 100C. Of the three fillers investigated silica-filled ENR-50 (ENR with 50 mole per cent epoxidation) vulcanisates gave the highest extent of hardening compared to those of HAF black and local clay. Retention in tensile strength of above 90 could be obtained from vulcanisates with three different reinforcing systems. The investigation on the effectiveness of antioxidants in retaining the tensile strength of ENR-50 after ageing at 125C was confined to five amine and phenolic antioxidants. The effectiveness of these antioxidants in retaining the tensile strength was deduced as follows: Santoflex 13 IPPD Permanax TQ Permanax WSL Vulkanox KB. The most effective antioxidant Santoflex 13 required a low concentration (i.e. 0.2 p.h.r.) in order to give maximum retention in tensile strength and this can be an advantage in terms of reducing compound cost.

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Item Type:	Article
AGROVOC Term:	Natural rubber
AGROVOC Term:	Epoxides
AGROVOC Term:	Thermal treatment
AGROVOC Term:	Oxidation
AGROVOC Term:	Cross-linking
AGROVOC Term:	Sulphur
AGROVOC Term:	Sodium
AGROVOC Term:	Hardening
AGROVOC Term:	Antioxidants
AGROVOC Term:	Ageing
Geographical Term:	Malaysia
Depositing User:	Ms. Suzila Mohamad Kasim
Last Modified:	28 Apr 2025 05:16
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/23619

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