Influence of ultrasonic treatment parameters on extraction yield of limonin from Wenling Gaocheng peels analysed by HPLC-UV

Wang, X. and He, L. and Wang, S. and Zhu, Y. S. and Hu, L. M. and You, W. T. (2024) Influence of ultrasonic treatment parameters on extraction yield of limonin from Wenling Gaocheng peels analysed by HPLC-UV. International Food Research Journal (Malaysia), 31. pp. 614-623. ISSN 2231 7546

Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) is a promising technique for isolating bioactive compounds from plant materials, as ultrasound disrupts cell walls through mechanical effects, and facilitates the release of cellular constituents. Despite its growing popularity, the efficiency of UAE for extracting limonin from citrus peels, particularly Wenling Gaocheng, remains understudied. In the present work, we systematically explored the influence of various operational parameters on the yield of limonin using UAE. The limonin content was quantified using a Waters 2695 HPLC system coupled with a Waters 2487 UV detector. The effects of six parameters on the UAE of limonin from Wenling Gaocheng peels was examined through single-factor experiments. We observed that the limonin yield first increased and then decreased with decreasing particle size. The yield also increased as the solvent/material ratio increased, but the rate of increase decreased. Among the tested solvent concentrations, 70% ethanol was found to be the most effective. The yield significantly improved with increasing ultrasonic intensity up to 0.2556 W/cm2 before decreasing sharply. Between 20 and 70°C, the yield fluctuated slightly, and a gradual improvement was observed with longer extraction times. These findings provided valuable insights for future commercialisation of UAE to extract limonin from citrus peels.

Full text available from: Official URL: http://www.ifrj.upm.edu.my/31%20(03)%202024/07%20-...

Abstract

Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) is a promising technique for isolating bioactive compounds from plant materials, as ultrasound disrupts cell walls through mechanical effects, and facilitates the release of cellular constituents. Despite its growing popularity, the efficiency of UAE for extracting limonin from citrus peels, particularly Wenling Gaocheng, remains understudied. In the present work, we systematically explored the influence of various operational parameters on the yield of limonin using UAE. The limonin content was quantified using a Waters 2695 HPLC system coupled with a Waters 2487 UV detector. The effects of six parameters on the UAE of limonin from Wenling Gaocheng peels was examined through single-factor experiments. We observed that the limonin yield first increased and then decreased with decreasing particle size. The yield also increased as the solvent/material ratio increased, but the rate of increase decreased. Among the tested solvent concentrations, 70% ethanol was found to be the most effective. The yield significantly improved with increasing ultrasonic intensity up to 0.2556 W/cm2 before decreasing sharply. Between 20 and 70°C, the yield fluctuated slightly, and a gradual improvement was observed with longer extraction times. These findings provided valuable insights for future commercialisation of UAE to extract limonin from citrus peels.

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Item Type:	Article
AGROVOC Term:	limonin
AGROVOC Term:	Citrus
AGROVOC Term:	extraction
AGROVOC Term:	ultrasonic treatment
AGROVOC Term:	HPLC
AGROVOC Term:	ethanol
AGROVOC Term:	temperature
AGROVOC Term:	techniques
Geographical Term:	China
Uncontrolled Keywords:	ultrasound-assisted extraction, ultrasonic intensity, limonin, citrus peel, extraction yield
Depositing User:	Nor Hasnita Abdul Samat
Date Deposited:	23 Feb 2026 04:16
Last Modified:	23 Feb 2026 04:16
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/2620

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