An assessment of the Malaysian oil palm breeding populations using AFLP markers

Maizura Ithnin, . and Rajanaidu Nookiah, . and Rajinder Singh, . and Ahmad Kushairi, . (2024) An assessment of the Malaysian oil palm breeding populations using AFLP markers. Journal of Oil Palm Research (Malaysia), 36. pp. 27-39. ISSN 2811-4701

The narrow genetic diversity coupled with intensive selection has reduced the variability of yield components and vegetative traits of oil palm breeding populations. Thus, the objective of the current study is to evaluate the genetic variability of oil palm breeding populations using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. The eight AFLP primer pairs utilised in this study generated 228 bands across 67 populations. As expected, populations created from intercrossing revealed relatively higher levels of genetic diversity compared with those derived from selfings. The dendrogram and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the DxD palms indicated a high genetic similarity. Among palms from the TxT/P crosses, the groupings were aligned according to the agency, signifying the accumulation of distinctive sets of alleles, likely due to the different selection pressure imposed by the respective agency. In PCA, the TxT palms, however, revealed a close genetic relationship indicating the need for incorporating new genetic resources to widen the genetic base. Based on the results, it is recommended the introduction of new genetic resources into the dura and tenera/pisifera populations. Additionally, crossing palms from populations of high genetic distances and adopting intercrossing scheme should result in off-springs with considerable diversity for selection gain in future breeding programmes.

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Abstract

The narrow genetic diversity coupled with intensive selection has reduced the variability of yield components and vegetative traits of oil palm breeding populations. Thus, the objective of the current study is to evaluate the genetic variability of oil palm breeding populations using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. The eight AFLP primer pairs utilised in this study generated 228 bands across 67 populations. As expected, populations created from intercrossing revealed relatively higher levels of genetic diversity compared with those derived from selfings. The dendrogram and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the DxD palms indicated a high genetic similarity. Among palms from the TxT/P crosses, the groupings were aligned according to the agency, signifying the accumulation of distinctive sets of alleles, likely due to the different selection pressure imposed by the respective agency. In PCA, the TxT palms, however, revealed a close genetic relationship indicating the need for incorporating new genetic resources to widen the genetic base. Based on the results, it is recommended the introduction of new genetic resources into the dura and tenera/pisifera populations. Additionally, crossing palms from populations of high genetic distances and adopting intercrossing scheme should result in off-springs with considerable diversity for selection gain in future breeding programmes.

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Item Type:	Article
AGROVOC Term:	oil palms
AGROVOC Term:	yield components
AGROVOC Term:	genetic resources
AGROVOC Term:	breeding
AGROVOC Term:	breeding programmes
AGROVOC Term:	crossing over
AGROVOC Term:	genetic diversity (resource)
AGROVOC Term:	principal component analysis
AGROVOC Term:	genetic variation
AGROVOC Term:	polymorphism
Geographical Term:	Malaysia
Uncontrolled Keywords:	AFLPs, breeding populations, genetic assessment, oil palm
Depositing User:	Nor Hasnita Abdul Samat
Date Deposited:	19 Mar 2026 02:08
Last Modified:	19 Mar 2026 02:08
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/2670

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