The effect of NCO/OH equivalent weight ratios of polyurethane (PU) binder and PU binder content on properties of medium density fibreboard (MDF)

Mohd Norhisham Sattar, . and Tuan Noor Maznee Tuan Ismail, . and Kosheela Devi Poo Palam, . and Norhayati Mohd Noor, . and Nurul Ain Hanzah, . and Srihanum Adnan, . and Yeong Shoot Kian, . and Zafarizal Aldrin Azizul Hasan, . and Mansur Ahmad, . (2024) The effect of NCO/OH equivalent weight ratios of polyurethane (PU) binder and PU binder content on properties of medium density fibreboard (MDF). Journal of Oil Palm Research (Malaysia), 36. pp. 322-334. ISSN 2811-4701

The potential of using bio-based binders for medium density fibreboard (MDF) has received increased attention. However, no study was done on the potential of palm-based polyurethane (PU) as biobased binder in MDF. Therefore, an investigation on the effect of equivalent weight ratios of isocyanate (NCO) and hydroxyl group (OH) of palm oil-based PU binder and binder content on the properties of MDF was conducted. Palm oil-based PU binders were prepared at different equivalent weight ratios of NCO and OH at 1.5/1 (PU1.5), 2.0/1 (PU2.0) and 2.5/1 (PU2.5) and binder content at 3%, 5%, 7% and 10% were used in the preparation of MDF. The polyol, NCO and palm oil-based PU binders were characterised using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. As equivalent weight ratios of NCO and OH and binder content increased, the modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity and internal bonding of MDF were consistently increased. Thickness swelling and moisture content decreased with increased equivalent weight ratios of NCO and OH and binder content. In general, MDF prepared with PU2.0 with 7% binder content fulfills all British Standard (BS EN 622-5, 2009) requirements, indicating its suitability for MDF application.

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Abstract

The potential of using bio-based binders for medium density fibreboard (MDF) has received increased attention. However, no study was done on the potential of palm-based polyurethane (PU) as biobased binder in MDF. Therefore, an investigation on the effect of equivalent weight ratios of isocyanate (NCO) and hydroxyl group (OH) of palm oil-based PU binder and binder content on the properties of MDF was conducted. Palm oil-based PU binders were prepared at different equivalent weight ratios of NCO and OH at 1.5/1 (PU1.5), 2.0/1 (PU2.0) and 2.5/1 (PU2.5) and binder content at 3%, 5%, 7% and 10% were used in the preparation of MDF. The polyol, NCO and palm oil-based PU binders were characterised using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. As equivalent weight ratios of NCO and OH and binder content increased, the modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity and internal bonding of MDF were consistently increased. Thickness swelling and moisture content decreased with increased equivalent weight ratios of NCO and OH and binder content. In general, MDF prepared with PU2.0 with 7% binder content fulfills all British Standard (BS EN 622-5, 2009) requirements, indicating its suitability for MDF application.

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Item Type:	Article
AGROVOC Term:	fibreboards
AGROVOC Term:	polyurethane
AGROVOC Term:	palm oils
AGROVOC Term:	wood products
AGROVOC Term:	manufacturing
AGROVOC Term:	testing
AGROVOC Term:	modulus of elasticity
AGROVOC Term:	moisture content
Geographical Term:	Malaysia
Depositing User:	Nor Hasnita Abdul Samat
Date Deposited:	06 Apr 2026 09:33
Last Modified:	06 Apr 2026 09:34
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/2731

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