Assessment of antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty ex Silva against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in rats

Senty, Vun Sang and Gothai Sivapragasam, . and Thau, Wilson Lym Yong (2024) Assessment of antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty ex Silva against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in rats. Journal of Tropical Biology and Conservation (Malaysia), 21. pp. 73-87. ISSN 2550-1909

Kappaphycus alvarezii (doty) doty ex silva, commonly known as red algae, holds economic significance as a primary source of κ-carrageenan, which exhibits promising medicinal and therapeutic properties. This study aims to assess the antioxidant potential as well as hepatoprotective activity of the ethanolic extract of K. alvarezii (EEKA). The assays utilised to determine the antioxidant properties of EEKA were total phenolic content (TPC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging. In addition, the ability of EEKA to ameliorate experimentally induced liver injury in Sprague-Dawley rats caused by carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) was evaluated. The biochemical assays involved measuring liver marker enzymes (AST and ALT) in serum as well as determining the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (LPO) via malondialdehyde, catalase (CAT), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in liver homogenates. The TPC and DPPH radical scavenging activity of EEKA demonstrated relatively low antioxidant properties compared to standard references. However, CCl₄-induced groups exhibited significantly increased levels of AST and ALT, along with depletion of antioxidant status (GSH, CAT, and GST) indicated by LPO. Pretreatment with EEKA resulted in slightly decreased liver marker enzyme activity and LPO, coupled with an increase in antioxidant status. These findings suggest that EEKA contains active principles capable of counteracting the hepatotoxic effects induced by CCl₄.

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Abstract

Kappaphycus alvarezii (doty) doty ex silva, commonly known as red algae, holds economic significance as a primary source of κ-carrageenan, which exhibits promising medicinal and therapeutic properties. This study aims to assess the antioxidant potential as well as hepatoprotective activity of the ethanolic extract of K. alvarezii (EEKA). The assays utilised to determine the antioxidant properties of EEKA were total phenolic content (TPC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging. In addition, the ability of EEKA to ameliorate experimentally induced liver injury in Sprague-Dawley rats caused by carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) was evaluated. The biochemical assays involved measuring liver marker enzymes (AST and ALT) in serum as well as determining the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (LPO) via malondialdehyde, catalase (CAT), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in liver homogenates. The TPC and DPPH radical scavenging activity of EEKA demonstrated relatively low antioxidant properties compared to standard references. However, CCl₄-induced groups exhibited significantly increased levels of AST and ALT, along with depletion of antioxidant status (GSH, CAT, and GST) indicated by LPO. Pretreatment with EEKA resulted in slightly decreased liver marker enzyme activity and LPO, coupled with an increase in antioxidant status. These findings suggest that EEKA contains active principles capable of counteracting the hepatotoxic effects induced by CCl₄.

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Item Type:	Article
AGROVOC Term:	carrageenans
AGROVOC Term:	Kappaphycus alvarezii
AGROVOC Term:	carbon tetrachloride
AGROVOC Term:	rats
AGROVOC Term:	phenolic content
AGROVOC Term:	lipid peroxidation
AGROVOC Term:	glutathione
AGROVOC Term:	catalase
Geographical Term:	Malaysia
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Kappaphycus alvarezii, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, carbon tetrachloride, oxidative stress
Depositing User:	Ms. Azariah Hashim
Date Deposited:	19 Mar 2026 02:32
Last Modified:	19 Mar 2026 02:32
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/2951

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