Antioxidant potential and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) uptake of the black seed and honey mixture on human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells

Mohd Isa N.S., . and Ng, J.S. and Tufail Ahmad F., . and Kassim M.N.I., . and Norhayati H., . and Yusof H.M., . (2021) Antioxidant potential and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) uptake of the black seed and honey mixture on human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells. Food Research (Malaysia), 5. pp. 141-149. ISSN 2550-2166

High lipid levels especially low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular (CVD) and coronary heart disease (CHD). Both black seed (Nigella sativa L.) and honey are well-known in the hypolipidemic potential and have CVD protective effects. In the present study, LDL-c uptake of the black seed and honey mixture was tested on HepG2 cells. Antioxidant activities of black seed and honey mixtures were determined through the 2, 2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The anticancer potential of black seed and honey mixtures in HepG2 cells was performed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cytotoxicity assay. Black seed possessed the highest antioxidant activities with EC₅₀ 6.54 mg/mL as compared to honey with EC₅₀ value 9.56 mg/mL while the black seed and honey mixture have EC₅₀ between black seed and honey. From the results obtained, no synergistic effect was observed in the mixtures as the EC₅₀ values were within the range of black seed and honey. Furthermore, no significant difference (p>0.05) among ratios (1:1, 2:1 and 1:2). However, the decrease in cell proliferation was the highest in black seed and honey mixture at 1:1 ratio (p<0.05) than individually treated black seed and honey. Thus, the black seed and honey mixture at ratio 1:1 was the most potent anticancer agent with an IC₅₀ value of 7.44 μg/mL. The present study illustrated that black seed and honey mixtures possess a lipid-lowering effect via LDL-c uptake in HepG2 cells (p<0.05). The highest LDL-c uptake was observed at 15 μg/mL with the treatment of black seed and honey mixture at 1:2 ratio which was 294.4%. Further studies should be conducted on primary human liver cells to further justify the correlation between the antioxidant level and LDL-c uptake mechanism of black seed and honey mixtures.

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Abstract

High lipid levels especially low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular (CVD) and coronary heart disease (CHD). Both black seed (Nigella sativa L.) and honey are well-known in the hypolipidemic potential and have CVD protective effects. In the present study, LDL-c uptake of the black seed and honey mixture was tested on HepG2 cells. Antioxidant activities of black seed and honey mixtures were determined through the 2, 2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The anticancer potential of black seed and honey mixtures in HepG2 cells was performed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cytotoxicity assay. Black seed possessed the highest antioxidant activities with EC₅₀ 6.54 mg/mL as compared to honey with EC₅₀ value 9.56 mg/mL while the black seed and honey mixture have EC₅₀ between black seed and honey. From the results obtained, no synergistic effect was observed in the mixtures as the EC₅₀ values were within the range of black seed and honey. Furthermore, no significant difference (p>0.05) among ratios (1:1, 2:1 and 1:2). However, the decrease in cell proliferation was the highest in black seed and honey mixture at 1:1 ratio (p<0.05) than individually treated black seed and honey. Thus, the black seed and honey mixture at ratio 1:1 was the most potent anticancer agent with an IC₅₀ value of 7.44 μg/mL. The present study illustrated that black seed and honey mixtures possess a lipid-lowering effect via LDL-c uptake in HepG2 cells (p<0.05). The highest LDL-c uptake was observed at 15 μg/mL with the treatment of black seed and honey mixture at 1:2 ratio which was 294.4%. Further studies should be conducted on primary human liver cells to further justify the correlation between the antioxidant level and LDL-c uptake mechanism of black seed and honey mixtures.

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Item Type:	Article
AGROVOC Term:	hyperlipidaemia
AGROVOC Term:	cholesterol
AGROVOC Term:	Nigella sativa
AGROVOC Term:	honey
AGROVOC Term:	cardiovascular diseases
AGROVOC Term:	antioxidants
AGROVOC Term:	cytotoxicity
AGROVOC Term:	pharmacology
AGROVOC Term:	scientists
Geographical Term:	Malaysia
Depositing User:	Mr. Khoirul Asrimi Md Nor
Date Deposited:	27 Nov 2025 10:59
Last Modified:	01 Dec 2025 03:51
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/3173

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