Phytochemical profiling and antioxidant activities of three different Gynura species

Mirfat Ahmad Hasan Salahuddin, . and Rosalizan Md Saleh, . and Noor Ismawaty Noordin, . and Muhammad Faris Mohd Radzi, . and Hanim Ahmad, . (2022) Phytochemical profiling and antioxidant activities of three different Gynura species. International Journal of Agriculture, Forestry and Plantation (Malaysia), 12. pp. 47-58. ISSN 2462-1757

Gynura is a perennial herbaceous shrub that belongs to Asteraceae family. The genus Gynura comprises 46 species widely distributed from tropical countries such as Africa to Australia and Southeast Asia. Most of the species have been exploited and used for culinary purposes and in various traditional remedies. However, many scientific research focused on G. procumbens, that other species have not been comprehensively investigated. Gynura procumbens is a native species in Malaysia and commonly cultivated, while G. bicolor and G. pseudochina are exotic species and rarely cultivated. Therefore, this study was carried out to compare the phytochemical properties and antioxidant capacity of the three different Gynura species as a potential source of bioactive phytochemicals. The aerial parts were extracted with 70% methanol and analysed for total phenolics, total flavonoids and antioxidant activities using non-enzymatic antioxidant and spectroscopic methods. Results showed that G. bicolor extract had comparable antioxidant activities to G. procumbens as measured by DPPH radical scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The activities were significantly (P<0.05) stronger than G. pseudochina. The potent antioxidant capacity of G. bicolor was supported by the substantial amount (P<0.05) of total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis of the different Gynura species showed the presence of various putative phytochemicals with antioxidant properties, which include mostly phenolic acids. Among the major compounds include chlorogenic acid, 1,3-O-Dicaffeoylquinic acid and 3,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid. In conclusion, the study may suggest that Gynura species can be an excellent source of bioactive phytochemicals with antioxidant properties, which provide new possibilities to exploring them for other potential bioactivities in the future. Our findings may also be useful for the promotion of use of G. Bicolor as an alternative natural antioxidant to G. procumbens.

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Abstract

Gynura is a perennial herbaceous shrub that belongs to Asteraceae family. The genus Gynura comprises 46 species widely distributed from tropical countries such as Africa to Australia and Southeast Asia. Most of the species have been exploited and used for culinary purposes and in various traditional remedies. However, many scientific research focused on G. procumbens, that other species have not been comprehensively investigated. Gynura procumbens is a native species in Malaysia and commonly cultivated, while G. bicolor and G. pseudochina are exotic species and rarely cultivated. Therefore, this study was carried out to compare the phytochemical properties and antioxidant capacity of the three different Gynura species as a potential source of bioactive phytochemicals. The aerial parts were extracted with 70% methanol and analysed for total phenolics, total flavonoids and antioxidant activities using non-enzymatic antioxidant and spectroscopic methods. Results showed that G. bicolor extract had comparable antioxidant activities to G. procumbens as measured by DPPH radical scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The activities were significantly (P<0.05) stronger than G. pseudochina. The potent antioxidant capacity of G. bicolor was supported by the substantial amount (P<0.05) of total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis of the different Gynura species showed the presence of various putative phytochemicals with antioxidant properties, which include mostly phenolic acids. Among the major compounds include chlorogenic acid, 1,3-O-Dicaffeoylquinic acid and 3,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid. In conclusion, the study may suggest that Gynura species can be an excellent source of bioactive phytochemicals with antioxidant properties, which provide new possibilities to exploring them for other potential bioactivities in the future. Our findings may also be useful for the promotion of use of G. Bicolor as an alternative natural antioxidant to G. procumbens.

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Item Type:	Article
AGROVOC Term:	phytochemicals
AGROVOC Term:	culinary herbs
AGROVOC Term:	phenolic compounds
AGROVOC Term:	flavonoids
AGROVOC Term:	phenolic acids
AGROVOC Term:	chlorogenic acid
AGROVOC Term:	extraction
AGROVOC Term:	Asteraceae
AGROVOC Term:	antioxidants
AGROVOC Term:	bioactive compounds
Geographical Term:	Australia
Depositing User:	Mr. Khoirul Asrimi Md Nor
Date Deposited:	19 May 2026 07:54
Last Modified:	19 May 2026 07:54
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/3900

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