Observation on the agro-morphological, field performance and assessment on clonal fidelity of staminode-generated cocoa clone in comparison with their conventionally propagated cocoa clones

Lea Johnsiul, . and Norasekin Tamchek, . (2023) Observation on the agro-morphological, field performance and assessment on clonal fidelity of staminode-generated cocoa clone in comparison with their conventionally propagated cocoa clones. International Journal of Agriculture, Forestry and Plantation (Malaysia), 13. pp. 39-45. ISSN 2462-1757

Comparative observations focused on the phenotypic traits and field performance of mature cocoa trees regenerated through tissue culture, was carried out to evaluate the differences between a tissue culture generated cocoa (specifically via staminode-derived clones) and cocoa clone generated through conventional propagation method. These traits are compared against cocoa clones produced through traditional grafting methods. The main objectives of the research were to observe the agro-morphological, field performance and assess whether the tissue-cultured cocoa tree generated maintain clonal fidelity comparable to their conventionally propagated. Observation results on the agro-morphology of tissue culture generated cocoa compared to the cocoa clone generated conventionally through grafting shown some significant differences in the phenotypic and field performance. Tissue culture generated cocoa has jorquette branches, the usual characteristic of hybrid cocoa trees propagated from seeds, which make the tree taller than cocoa clone generated through conventional method. Cocoa trees generated from tissue culture technique also observed to have smaller girth circumference measurement compared to the conventionally propagated cocoa tree. However, early flowering was observed with tissue culture cocoa trees at approximately 12 months after planting compared to the conventionally propagated cocoa tree which is about 18 - 36 months. Assessment on the clonal fidelity of both set of clones by genotyping using the MCB cocoa SNP panel. Results from the DNA fingerprinting confirm that the tissue culture-derived cocoa trees are true-to-type clones, exhibiting identical genetic profiles to the plants generated through conventional grafting methods.

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Abstract

Comparative observations focused on the phenotypic traits and field performance of mature cocoa trees regenerated through tissue culture, was carried out to evaluate the differences between a tissue culture generated cocoa (specifically via staminode-derived clones) and cocoa clone generated through conventional propagation method. These traits are compared against cocoa clones produced through traditional grafting methods. The main objectives of the research were to observe the agro-morphological, field performance and assess whether the tissue-cultured cocoa tree generated maintain clonal fidelity comparable to their conventionally propagated. Observation results on the agro-morphology of tissue culture generated cocoa compared to the cocoa clone generated conventionally through grafting shown some significant differences in the phenotypic and field performance. Tissue culture generated cocoa has jorquette branches, the usual characteristic of hybrid cocoa trees propagated from seeds, which make the tree taller than cocoa clone generated through conventional method. Cocoa trees generated from tissue culture technique also observed to have smaller girth circumference measurement compared to the conventionally propagated cocoa tree. However, early flowering was observed with tissue culture cocoa trees at approximately 12 months after planting compared to the conventionally propagated cocoa tree which is about 18 - 36 months. Assessment on the clonal fidelity of both set of clones by genotyping using the MCB cocoa SNP panel. Results from the DNA fingerprinting confirm that the tissue culture-derived cocoa trees are true-to-type clones, exhibiting identical genetic profiles to the plants generated through conventional grafting methods.

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Item Type:	Article
AGROVOC Term:	cocoa pulp
AGROVOC Term:	propagation materials
AGROVOC Term:	tissue culture
AGROVOC Term:	grafting
AGROVOC Term:	assessment
AGROVOC Term:	DNA fingerprinting
AGROVOC Term:	clones
AGROVOC Term:	genotyping
AGROVOC Term:	SNP genotyping
AGROVOC Term:	tree height
Geographical Term:	Malaysia
Depositing User:	Mr. Khoirul Asrimi Md Nor
Date Deposited:	26 May 2026 03:49
Last Modified:	26 May 2026 03:49
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/3958

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