Production of biofuels by anaerobic fermentation technology

Wang, Daniel I.C. (1982) Production of biofuels by anaerobic fermentation technology. [Proceedings Paper]

The major objective of this project is to achieve the direct microbiological conversion of cellulosic biomass to a liquid fuel, ethanol. Within the scope of this objective, it is also the intent to maximize the conversion efficiency of ethanol production from biomass. This can be achieved through the effective utilization of both the cellulosic (6-carbon sugar) and hemicellulosic (5-carbon sugar) in biomass. The degradation of cellulosic biomass is achieved through the use of a thermophilic and anaerobic bacterium, Clostridium thermocellum. This microorganism is quite unique in that it is able to hydrolyze both the cellulosic and hemicellulosic fractions of biomass but, unfortunately, it is not able to metabolize the pentoses. Therefore, to achieve total utilization of biomass, a second thermophilic and anaerobic migroorganism, Clostridium thermo saccharolyticum, has been under study due to its ability to convert pentoses to ethanol. Mutation, selection and adaptation programs have yielded ethanol tolerant strains of both organisms. A fermentation process utilizing mutant strains of the anaerobic, thermophilic bacteria Clostridium thermocellum and Clostridium thermosaccharolyticum has been investigated for the direct production of ethanol from agricultural cellulosics. Through strain improvements for increased ethanol tolerance and catabolite selectivity, alcohol yields of 85% of the theoretical maximum have been obtained from solka floc with mixed culture. The method of isolation and performance of these improved strains on both refined cellulosics and realistic biomass, corn stover, is presented in detail.

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Abstract

The major objective of this project is to achieve the direct microbiological conversion of cellulosic biomass to a liquid fuel, ethanol. Within the scope of this objective, it is also the intent to maximize the conversion efficiency of ethanol production from biomass. This can be achieved through the effective utilization of both the cellulosic (6-carbon sugar) and hemicellulosic (5-carbon sugar) in biomass. The degradation of cellulosic biomass is achieved through the use of a thermophilic and anaerobic bacterium, Clostridium thermocellum. This microorganism is quite unique in that it is able to hydrolyze both the cellulosic and hemicellulosic fractions of biomass but, unfortunately, it is not able to metabolize the pentoses. Therefore, to achieve total utilization of biomass, a second thermophilic and anaerobic migroorganism, Clostridium thermo saccharolyticum, has been under study due to its ability to convert pentoses to ethanol. Mutation, selection and adaptation programs have yielded ethanol tolerant strains of both organisms. A fermentation process utilizing mutant strains of the anaerobic, thermophilic bacteria Clostridium thermocellum and Clostridium thermosaccharolyticum has been investigated for the direct production of ethanol from agricultural cellulosics. Through strain improvements for increased ethanol tolerance and catabolite selectivity, alcohol yields of 85% of the theoretical maximum have been obtained from solka floc with mixed culture. The method of isolation and performance of these improved strains on both refined cellulosics and realistic biomass, corn stover, is presented in detail.

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Item Type:	Proceedings Paper
Additional Information:	Available at Perpustakaan Sultan Abdul Samad, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia TP501 A816 1982 Call number.
AGROVOC Term:	biofuels
AGROVOC Term:	fermentation
AGROVOC Term:	renewable energy
AGROVOC Term:	laboratory experimentation
AGROVOC Term:	isolation
AGROVOC Term:	organisms
AGROVOC Term:	microorganisms
AGROVOC Term:	bioreactors
AGROVOC Term:	waste reduction
AGROVOC Term:	work strain > work strain Prefer using occupational hazardsoccupational hazards
Depositing User:	Ms. Azariah Hashim
Date Deposited:	17 Oct 2024 03:44
Last Modified:	17 Oct 2024 03:44
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/620

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