Reproductive phenology floral biology and breeding system of Aquiliaria crassna in Tropical Australia


Citation

López-Sampson A., . and Page T., . Reproductive phenology floral biology and breeding system of Aquiliaria crassna in Tropical Australia. pp. 211-221. ISSN 0128-1283

Abstract

Trees of the Aquilaria genus produce a fragrant resin and have had a long history of human use. In this study the flowering and fruiting phenology of Aquilaria crassna is described as well as the main reproductive system operating in A. crassna growing in a cultivated environment. Sexual reproduction occurs annually with a peak in flowering occurring during the dry season. Flowers are hermaphrodite borne on terminal branches. Flower anthesis typically occurred at night and the duration of the flowering and fruiting phases was 12.3 and 59.5 days respectively. Four simplified flower stages were identified: opening (0.2 to 1 day) open (2.3 to 3.6 days) closing (0.8 to 1.3 days) and closed-flower fall (1.4 to 7.4 days) or closed-fruit development (17 to 25 days). Stigma receptivity determined using an esterase indicator was recorded throughout the floweropen phase. Two simplified fruiting stages were identified: initiation (4 to 8 days) and maturation (25 to 58 days). Open pollinated flowers had a moderate to high fecundity with 14.5 to 46.7 of flowers setting seed. The A. crassna species demonstrated a mixed mating system that is primarily outcrossing. Hybridisation between A. baillonii (‚) and A. crassna () was demonstrated.


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Abstract

Trees of the Aquilaria genus produce a fragrant resin and have had a long history of human use. In this study the flowering and fruiting phenology of Aquilaria crassna is described as well as the main reproductive system operating in A. crassna growing in a cultivated environment. Sexual reproduction occurs annually with a peak in flowering occurring during the dry season. Flowers are hermaphrodite borne on terminal branches. Flower anthesis typically occurred at night and the duration of the flowering and fruiting phases was 12.3 and 59.5 days respectively. Four simplified flower stages were identified: opening (0.2 to 1 day) open (2.3 to 3.6 days) closing (0.8 to 1.3 days) and closed-flower fall (1.4 to 7.4 days) or closed-fruit development (17 to 25 days). Stigma receptivity determined using an esterase indicator was recorded throughout the floweropen phase. Two simplified fruiting stages were identified: initiation (4 to 8 days) and maturation (25 to 58 days). Open pollinated flowers had a moderate to high fecundity with 14.5 to 46.7 of flowers setting seed. The A. crassna species demonstrated a mixed mating system that is primarily outcrossing. Hybridisation between A. baillonii (‚) and A. crassna () was demonstrated.

Additional Metadata

[error in script]
Item Type: Article
AGROVOC Term: Thymelaeaceae
AGROVOC Term: Trees
AGROVOC Term: Resin plants
AGROVOC Term: Plant reproductive organs
AGROVOC Term: Plant breeding
AGROVOC Term: Reproduction
AGROVOC Term: Plant flowering substances
AGROVOC Term: Fruiting
AGROVOC Term: Flowering
AGROVOC Term: Floral initiation
Depositing User: Mr. AFANDI ABDUL MALEK
Last Modified: 24 Apr 2025 00:54
URI: http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/8183

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