Advances in the pathogenicity and immunology of equine herpesvirus type-1

Ali A. S., . and Mohd Azmi M. L., . Advances in the pathogenicity and immunology of equine herpesvirus type-1. pp. 1-13. ISSN 0128-2506

This paper reviews the pathogenicity and host immune responses to the equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) which causes rhinopneumonitis abortion and central nervous system disorders in horses. Special emphasis was placed on the host reaction to the virus in the murine animal model which includes the major pathogenic changes clinical features as well as the immunity to the EHV-1 infection. Following intranasal infection of mice EHV-1 establishes cell-associated viraemia before it spreats to the lung where it replicates luxuriously and produces the clinical disease. The virus can be isolated from the respiratory tissues and other organs such as the spleen liver kidney brain and lymph nodes. The virus may also cross the placenta to infect the foetus leading to either abortion or delivery of premature offsprings. The virus can be detected in a very low titre in the brain. Animal exposed to EHV-1 intranasally elicited low level of antibody in the serum and respiratory secretions. Protection was observed following subsequent infection. However protection was not observed in mice immunised via other routers. Nevertheless several studies have revealed that antibody was not a primary factor to protect animals from EHV-1 infection. Instead protection is correlated with the cell-mediated immune responses following strong DTH responses and in the lung. Following a series of study it was postulated that cytotoxic T cell (CD8 T cells) activity is important in the control of both EHV-1 and EHV4 infections. It was therefore concluded that CD4 and CD8 T cells were important for protection following primary and secondary EHV-1 infection. Other important immune factors include interferon (IFN). ADCC and complement-mediated antibody response. The immunosuppressive activity of EHV-1 cross-reactivity with EHV-4 and its usefulness as an immunising agent against EHV-1 were elucidated.

Full text available from: Official URL: https://www.mavma.org.my/2000-volume-12-issue-no-1...

Abstract

This paper reviews the pathogenicity and host immune responses to the equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) which causes rhinopneumonitis abortion and central nervous system disorders in horses. Special emphasis was placed on the host reaction to the virus in the murine animal model which includes the major pathogenic changes clinical features as well as the immunity to the EHV-1 infection. Following intranasal infection of mice EHV-1 establishes cell-associated viraemia before it spreats to the lung where it replicates luxuriously and produces the clinical disease. The virus can be isolated from the respiratory tissues and other organs such as the spleen liver kidney brain and lymph nodes. The virus may also cross the placenta to infect the foetus leading to either abortion or delivery of premature offsprings. The virus can be detected in a very low titre in the brain. Animal exposed to EHV-1 intranasally elicited low level of antibody in the serum and respiratory secretions. Protection was observed following subsequent infection. However protection was not observed in mice immunised via other routers. Nevertheless several studies have revealed that antibody was not a primary factor to protect animals from EHV-1 infection. Instead protection is correlated with the cell-mediated immune responses following strong DTH responses and in the lung. Following a series of study it was postulated that cytotoxic T cell (CD8 T cells) activity is important in the control of both EHV-1 and EHV4 infections. It was therefore concluded that CD4 and CD8 T cells were important for protection following primary and secondary EHV-1 infection. Other important immune factors include interferon (IFN). ADCC and complement-mediated antibody response. The immunosuppressive activity of EHV-1 cross-reactivity with EHV-4 and its usefulness as an immunising agent against EHV-1 were elucidated.

[error in script]

Item Type:	Article
AGROVOC Term:	Equine herpesvirus
AGROVOC Term:	Horses
AGROVOC Term:	Immunology
AGROVOC Term:	Abortion
AGROVOC Term:	Animal models
AGROVOC Term:	Respiratory diseases
AGROVOC Term:	Epidemiology
AGROVOC Term:	Infection
AGROVOC Term:	Mice
AGROVOC Term:	Monocytes
Depositing User:	Mr. AFANDI ABDUL MALEK
Last Modified:	24 Apr 2025 00:54
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/8661

Actions (login required)

View Item