Nano-sized adsorbent from pyrolysed sago activated sludge for removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution

Hasnain Hussain, . and Zainab Ngaini, . and Nurul Iwani Mahmut, . and Nur Aqilah Makshut, . and Rafeah Wahi, . and Nurul Qhalila Bahrin, . Nano-sized adsorbent from pyrolysed sago activated sludge for removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution. pp. 893-916. ISSN 2231-8526

Increased disposal of heavy metals including lead (II) (Pb(II)) into the environment calls for a reliable and sustainable solution. In this study nano-sized biochar from sago activated sludge was proposed for the removal of Pb(II). Sago activated sludge was pyrolysed in a tube furnace followed by a chemical activation to yield nano-sized particles ranging from 45 to 75 nm. The nano-sized biochar obtained was characterised and the influence of pH (2 “ 10) initial Pb(II) concentration (1 “ 5 mg/L) contact time (30 “ 90 mins) and adsorbent dosage (0.1 “ 0.5 g) was investigated in a batch adsorption study. Response surface methodology (RSM) approach with central composite design (CCD) was used as statistical tools to optimize the adsorption process by relating the mutual interactions among all studied variables. Characterisation of the prepared adsorbent showed that large surface area was observed on sludge activated carbon (78.863 m/g) compared with sludge biochar (8.044 m/g) and sludge biomass (1.303 m/g). The batch adsorption best fitted the Langmuir isotherm (maximum adsorption capacity Q‚ 3.202 10- mg/g R-squared value 0.9308). The RSM indicated that the optimum Pb(II) removal (99.87) was at 0.5g of adsorbent 5 mg/L initial concentration and 30 min contact time. This study is significant because utilisation of sago effluent will reduce sago manufacturing waste by conversion into a value-added product as adsorbent to adsorb Pb(II) in wastewater.

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Abstract

Increased disposal of heavy metals including lead (II) (Pb(II)) into the environment calls for a reliable and sustainable solution. In this study nano-sized biochar from sago activated sludge was proposed for the removal of Pb(II). Sago activated sludge was pyrolysed in a tube furnace followed by a chemical activation to yield nano-sized particles ranging from 45 to 75 nm. The nano-sized biochar obtained was characterised and the influence of pH (2 “ 10) initial Pb(II) concentration (1 “ 5 mg/L) contact time (30 “ 90 mins) and adsorbent dosage (0.1 “ 0.5 g) was investigated in a batch adsorption study. Response surface methodology (RSM) approach with central composite design (CCD) was used as statistical tools to optimize the adsorption process by relating the mutual interactions among all studied variables. Characterisation of the prepared adsorbent showed that large surface area was observed on sludge activated carbon (78.863 m/g) compared with sludge biochar (8.044 m/g) and sludge biomass (1.303 m/g). The batch adsorption best fitted the Langmuir isotherm (maximum adsorption capacity Q‚ 3.202 10- mg/g R-squared value 0.9308). The RSM indicated that the optimum Pb(II) removal (99.87) was at 0.5g of adsorbent 5 mg/L initial concentration and 30 min contact time. This study is significant because utilisation of sago effluent will reduce sago manufacturing waste by conversion into a value-added product as adsorbent to adsorb Pb(II) in wastewater.

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Item Type:	Article
AGROVOC Term:	Sago
AGROVOC Term:	Activated sludge
AGROVOC Term:	Effluents
AGROVOC Term:	Agricultural waste management
AGROVOC Term:	Pyrolysis
AGROVOC Term:	Activated carbon
AGROVOC Term:	Adsorption
AGROVOC Term:	Lead
AGROVOC Term:	Heavy metals
Depositing User:	Mr. AFANDI ABDUL MALEK
Last Modified:	24 Apr 2025 00:55
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/9364

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