Citation
Navin Raj Vijiaretnam, . and Wong Choon Fai, . and Suchithra Thangalazhy Gopakumar, . and Lim Chu Gen, . and Chow Li Wen, . and Chong Yen Yee, . and Teoh Jia Yun, . and Harvindran Vasu, . and Tio Shu Anne, . Co-pyrolysis of palm empty fruit bunch and palm kernel shell with palm oil mill effluent (POME) sludge. pp. 1-9. ISSN 2289-1692
Abstract
In Malaysia the largest contributor to biomass is from the palm oil sector. Therefore palm-based biomass has been extensively studied for bioenergy applications. Fast pyrolysis of biomass provides a liquid fuel called bio-oil which has many potential uses. However a low pH of bio-oil made a challenge to utilize as it is. Therefore in this study empty fruit bunch (EFB) and palm kernel shell (PKS) were subjected to co-pyrolysis with POME sludge individually. The reason behind this was that the bio-oil derived from EFB and PKS are acidic whereas bio-oil from POME sludge is basic. Hence it was hypothesised that through the co-pyrolysis bio-oil with lower acidity might be obtained. Chemical characterization revealed that POME sludge contains alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEMs) which may play a significant role in influencing the weight loss of EFB and PKS also the bio-oil yield. The co-pyrolysis of EFB and PKS with POME sludge at different ratios were initially carried out via thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Results showed that for the co-pyrolysis of PKS a positive synergistic effect was observed when 50 wt. of POME sludge was employed. Then pyrolysis and co-pyrolysis experiments were carried out in a fixed bed reactor at 600C. The bio-oil yield obtained from PKS was 44.5 0.7 wt.. In contradiction to TGA studies the bio-oil yield for co-pyrolysis of PKS and POME sludge showed a negative synergistic effect.
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Abstract
In Malaysia the largest contributor to biomass is from the palm oil sector. Therefore palm-based biomass has been extensively studied for bioenergy applications. Fast pyrolysis of biomass provides a liquid fuel called bio-oil which has many potential uses. However a low pH of bio-oil made a challenge to utilize as it is. Therefore in this study empty fruit bunch (EFB) and palm kernel shell (PKS) were subjected to co-pyrolysis with POME sludge individually. The reason behind this was that the bio-oil derived from EFB and PKS are acidic whereas bio-oil from POME sludge is basic. Hence it was hypothesised that through the co-pyrolysis bio-oil with lower acidity might be obtained. Chemical characterization revealed that POME sludge contains alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEMs) which may play a significant role in influencing the weight loss of EFB and PKS also the bio-oil yield. The co-pyrolysis of EFB and PKS with POME sludge at different ratios were initially carried out via thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Results showed that for the co-pyrolysis of PKS a positive synergistic effect was observed when 50 wt. of POME sludge was employed. Then pyrolysis and co-pyrolysis experiments were carried out in a fixed bed reactor at 600C. The bio-oil yield obtained from PKS was 44.5 0.7 wt.. In contradiction to TGA studies the bio-oil yield for co-pyrolysis of PKS and POME sludge showed a negative synergistic effect.
Additional Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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AGROVOC Term: | Palm kernels |
AGROVOC Term: | Palm oils |
AGROVOC Term: | Pyrolysis |
AGROVOC Term: | Synergistic effect |
AGROVOC Term: | Moisture content |
AGROVOC Term: | Volatile compounds |
AGROVOC Term: | Thermogravimetric analysis |
AGROVOC Term: | Scanning microscopy |
AGROVOC Term: | Analysis of variance |
AGROVOC Term: | Weight losses |
Depositing User: | Mr. AFANDI ABDUL MALEK |
Last Modified: | 24 Apr 2025 00:55 |
URI: | http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/9414 |
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