Patterns of genetic variations in birds (Aves Nectariniidae) in Southeast Asia

Mustafa Abdul Rahman. (2001) Patterns of genetic variations in birds (Aves Nectariniidae) in Southeast Asia. [Proceedings Paper]

The theory of plate tectonics has revolutionised the understanding of the geological and biogeographic processes in the Southeast Asian region. These concepts of continental movements which were developed about 30 years have been used with much success to reassemble in general terms the palaeogeographical history of parts of Southeast Asia. Vicariant events associated with basin formation and collision events between formerly separate continental and microcontinental fragments offer potential explanations for patterns of differentiation among regional biotas. With the connections and disconnections of subregions and islands in this region and the types of forest habitats formed during the flacial periods, I set out two alternative predictions as follows: The differentiation in birds will either show (1) that there is no substantial gene flow occurring among subregions and islands, or that (2) it is consistent with the historical connectivity among the subregions and islands, or that (2) it is consistent with the historical connectivity among the subregions and islands. Using mtDNA control and Atpase6 regions of the little spiderhunter (Arachnothera longirostra longirostra), the results revealed evidence of subtantial gene flow between the Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo populations. Such level of gene flow was indicated by the sharing of common haplotypes between these subregions and low levels of nucleotide divergence. Conversely, my results suggest low gene flow between thailand population and the joint Peninsular Malaysia-Bornean populations, as indicated by lack of shared common haplotypes. At higher phylogenetic level, the rate of sequence divergence between little spiderhunter subspecies is concordant with the historical land connections and separations during glaciation periods. The sequence analysis revealed that subspecies A.I. flammifera (Mindanao) has diverged from the other two subspecies, A.I. longirostra (Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo) and A.I. dilutor (Palawan) approximate to that of the other species (A. crassirostris and A. affinis). Overall, therefore, the study did not support the hypothesis that neutral genetic divergence accumulates according to a distance model. Instead, the results suggest that avian populations are most likely to be derived from multiple ancient refugia. The "gallery" forests which formed along the North sunda river and its tributaries during glaciation period seem to be most likely locations of these historical refugia.

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Abstract

The theory of plate tectonics has revolutionised the understanding of the geological and biogeographic processes in the Southeast Asian region. These concepts of continental movements which were developed about 30 years have been used with much success to reassemble in general terms the palaeogeographical history of parts of Southeast Asia. Vicariant events associated with basin formation and collision events between formerly separate continental and microcontinental fragments offer potential explanations for patterns of differentiation among regional biotas. With the connections and disconnections of subregions and islands in this region and the types of forest habitats formed during the flacial periods, I set out two alternative predictions as follows: The differentiation in birds will either show (1) that there is no substantial gene flow occurring among subregions and islands, or that (2) it is consistent with the historical connectivity among the subregions and islands, or that (2) it is consistent with the historical connectivity among the subregions and islands. Using mtDNA control and Atpase6 regions of the little spiderhunter (Arachnothera longirostra longirostra), the results revealed evidence of subtantial gene flow between the Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo populations. Such level of gene flow was indicated by the sharing of common haplotypes between these subregions and low levels of nucleotide divergence. Conversely, my results suggest low gene flow between thailand population and the joint Peninsular Malaysia-Bornean populations, as indicated by lack of shared common haplotypes. At higher phylogenetic level, the rate of sequence divergence between little spiderhunter subspecies is concordant with the historical land connections and separations during glaciation periods. The sequence analysis revealed that subspecies A.I. flammifera (Mindanao) has diverged from the other two subspecies, A.I. longirostra (Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo) and A.I. dilutor (Palawan) approximate to that of the other species (A. crassirostris and A. affinis). Overall, therefore, the study did not support the hypothesis that neutral genetic divergence accumulates according to a distance model. Instead, the results suggest that avian populations are most likely to be derived from multiple ancient refugia. The "gallery" forests which formed along the North sunda river and its tributaries during glaciation period seem to be most likely locations of these historical refugia.

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Item Type:	Proceedings Paper
Additional Information:	Available at Perpustakaan Sultan Abdul Samad, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43000 UPM Serdang, Malaysia.Call Number QH75 A1I61 2000
AGROVOC Term:	Sunbird
AGROVOC Term:	Aves
AGROVOC Term:	plate tectonics
AGROVOC Term:	genetic correlation
AGROVOC Term:	genetic variance
AGROVOC Term:	DNA
AGROVOC Term:	sampling
AGROVOC Term:	birds
AGROVOC Term:	gene flow
Geographical Term:	Malaysia
Depositing User:	Ms. Azariah Hashim
Date Deposited:	24 Sep 2024 06:11
Last Modified:	24 Sep 2024 06:11
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/1166

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