Bioactive compounds from popular Kenyan medicinal plants

Derese S., . and Yenesew A., . and Kerubo J. L., . and Midiwo J. Ogweno, . and Juma B. F., . (2008) Bioactive compounds from popular Kenyan medicinal plants. [Proceedings Paper]

The flora of Kenya has over 10 000 members and at least 1 200 are recorded to have ethno-medical application by the 42 ethnic groups. Cross-ethnic information convinced us that research into the secondary metabolite principles of such plants could yield dividends. It is suggested that the principles from these plants could be submitted to anti-diabetic assays with potential positive results. The ethno-anthelmintic families of the Polygonaceae and the Myrsinaceae have been surveyed. The common anthelmintic anthraquinones were obtained from Rumex species: R. abysinicus R. usambarensis R. ruwenzoriensis R. bequaertii and R. erispus. The napthalene derivative nepodin was found only in the latter three species. Polygonum senegalense leaf decoction is used for treatment of cow diseases amongst the Maasai. The leaf of Polygonum senegalense is up to 17 surface exudate. The leaf exudate of P. senegalense has yielded more than thirteen methyl ether non polar flavonoid derivatives chalcones flavanones and flavones. On the other hand the internal tissue flavonoids are the common compounds kaempferol luteolin and quercetin along with their glycosides; an interesting component is 2; -glucosyl-6; hydroxy-4;-methoxychalcone whose aglycone is part of the exudate mixture. Psiadia punctulata Compositae also exhibits aerial surface deposition. Its exudate is composed of seven methylated flavonoids and novel kaurane and trachyloban diterpenoids. Dodonaea angustifolia Sapindaceae whose leaf decoction is used to stop diarrhea also exhibits methylated flavonols and flavanones. The Myrsinaceae are widely used as anthelmintics and anti-bacterials. They are harbingers of long alkyl side chain benzoquinones which clearly have a protective function from their histochemical disposition. The main benzoquinone in the sub-family Myrsinodae is embelin While in the Maesodae it is maesaquinone together with its 5-acetyl derivative; the distribution of these benzoquinones according to their alkyl side chain length or the presence/ absence of 6-methyl group is in accord with morphological subfamily delimitation. The compounds showed antifeedant anti-microbiol phytotoxic acaricidal insecticidal and nematicidal activity. Triterpene alcohols and derivatives are also encountered from the leaves of these plants.

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Abstract

The flora of Kenya has over 10 000 members and at least 1 200 are recorded to have ethno-medical application by the 42 ethnic groups. Cross-ethnic information convinced us that research into the secondary metabolite principles of such plants could yield dividends. It is suggested that the principles from these plants could be submitted to anti-diabetic assays with potential positive results. The ethno-anthelmintic families of the Polygonaceae and the Myrsinaceae have been surveyed. The common anthelmintic anthraquinones were obtained from Rumex species: R. abysinicus R. usambarensis R. ruwenzoriensis R. bequaertii and R. erispus. The napthalene derivative nepodin was found only in the latter three species. Polygonum senegalense leaf decoction is used for treatment of cow diseases amongst the Maasai. The leaf of Polygonum senegalense is up to 17 surface exudate. The leaf exudate of P. senegalense has yielded more than thirteen methyl ether non polar flavonoid derivatives chalcones flavanones and flavones. On the other hand the internal tissue flavonoids are the common compounds kaempferol luteolin and quercetin along with their glycosides; an interesting component is 2; -glucosyl-6; hydroxy-4;-methoxychalcone whose aglycone is part of the exudate mixture. Psiadia punctulata Compositae also exhibits aerial surface deposition. Its exudate is composed of seven methylated flavonoids and novel kaurane and trachyloban diterpenoids. Dodonaea angustifolia Sapindaceae whose leaf decoction is used to stop diarrhea also exhibits methylated flavonols and flavanones. The Myrsinaceae are widely used as anthelmintics and anti-bacterials. They are harbingers of long alkyl side chain benzoquinones which clearly have a protective function from their histochemical disposition. The main benzoquinone in the sub-family Myrsinodae is embelin While in the Maesodae it is maesaquinone together with its 5-acetyl derivative; the distribution of these benzoquinones according to their alkyl side chain length or the presence/ absence of 6-methyl group is in accord with morphological subfamily delimitation. The compounds showed antifeedant anti-microbiol phytotoxic acaricidal insecticidal and nematicidal activity. Triterpene alcohols and derivatives are also encountered from the leaves of these plants.

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Item Type:	Proceedings Paper
Additional Information:	Available at Perpustakaan Sultan Abdul Samad Uni-versiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Malaysia. mal RM666 H33 B573 Call Number
AGROVOC Term:	Polygonaceae
AGROVOC Term:	Myrsinaceae
AGROVOC Term:	Medicinal plants
AGROVOC Term:	Ethnobotany
AGROVOC Term:	Antibacterial properties
AGROVOC Term:	Chemical composition
AGROVOC Term:	Phytochemistry
AGROVOC Term:	Dosage
AGROVOC Term:	Anthraquinones
AGROVOC Term:	Medicinal properties
Geographical Term:	MALAYSIA
Depositing User:	Ms. Suzila Mohamad Kasim
Last Modified:	24 Apr 2025 05:15
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/12860

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