Screening selection and breeding for resistance to Meloidogyne spp. species in the Gramineae Zimbabwe

York P.A., . (1990) Screening selection and breeding for resistance to Meloidogyne spp. species in the Gramineae Zimbabwe. [Proceedings Paper]

Grass is used in association with fumigation to suppress Meloidogyne javanica in Zimbabwe tobacco rotations. Tests showed apomictic Eragrostis curvula Ermcvelo and Panicum maximum cv Petri to be very resistant to M. javanica. Bermudagrass cultivars were resistant but Star No.2 was not. For various reasons these grasses are less useful in arable rotations than this suggests. Katambora Rhodes grass the main cv used to control M. javanica appeared variable in susceptibility. The observed 48 percent resistant and 52 percent susceptible plants suggest a major gene in Hardy-Weinburg equilibrium. The same may hold generally for diploids. Degree of susceptibility and proportion of resistant plants were correlated but exceptions occurred. A five-fold increase in resistance to M. javanica in response to selection in tetraploid Rhodes grass also indicates few major genes. The range of egg-mass counts for both ploidy levels implies a more complex inheritance of degree of susceptibility. Progeny tests are being done to identify diploid and tetraploid resistant parents for polycrossing. A resistant grass in rotation with resistant tobacco should remove dependence on fumigation and reduce selection for virulence in M. javanica. Multiple root-knot resistance may be incorporated in the grass. This low input approach should be useful in small-scale farm systems. Grass is considered important in the evolution of Meloidogyne species

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Abstract

Grass is used in association with fumigation to suppress Meloidogyne javanica in Zimbabwe tobacco rotations. Tests showed apomictic Eragrostis curvula Ermcvelo and Panicum maximum cv Petri to be very resistant to M. javanica. Bermudagrass cultivars were resistant but Star No.2 was not. For various reasons these grasses are less useful in arable rotations than this suggests. Katambora Rhodes grass the main cv used to control M. javanica appeared variable in susceptibility. The observed 48 percent resistant and 52 percent susceptible plants suggest a major gene in Hardy-Weinburg equilibrium. The same may hold generally for diploids. Degree of susceptibility and proportion of resistant plants were correlated but exceptions occurred. A five-fold increase in resistance to M. javanica in response to selection in tetraploid Rhodes grass also indicates few major genes. The range of egg-mass counts for both ploidy levels implies a more complex inheritance of degree of susceptibility. Progeny tests are being done to identify diploid and tetraploid resistant parents for polycrossing. A resistant grass in rotation with resistant tobacco should remove dependence on fumigation and reduce selection for virulence in M. javanica. Multiple root-knot resistance may be incorporated in the grass. This low input approach should be useful in small-scale farm systems. Grass is considered important in the evolution of Meloidogyne species

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Item Type:	Proceedings Paper
Additional Information:	3 ill. 4 tables; 26 refs. Summary En
AGROVOC Term:	NICOTIANA TABACUM
AGROVOC Term:	GRAMINEAE
AGROVOC Term:	SELECCION
AGROVOC Term:	RESISTENCIA A LAS PLAGAS
AGROVOC Term:	ZIMBABWE
AGROVOC Term:	CONTROL DE NEMATODOS
AGROVOC Term:	MELOIDOGYNE JAVANICA
Geographical Term:	MALAYSIA
Depositing User:	Ms. Norfaezah Khomsan
Last Modified:	24 Apr 2025 05:26
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/14875

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