Origin distribution and significance of species of Phytophthora in the tropics

Zentmyer G.A., . (1990) Origin distribution and significance of species of Phytophthora in the tropics. [Proceedings Paper]

The centers of origins of tropical species of Phytophthora are quite controversial. Information is presented on the possible origin of P. palmivora P. cinnamomi P. infestans and P. colocasiae. Five or possibly six species of Phytophthora are pathogens of cacao Theobroma cacao. Distribution of these species on cacao follows: P. capsici--Brazil Mexico Guaternala El Salvador Jamaica Venezuela Cameroon; P. citrophthora--Brazil Mexico; P. heveae--Malaysia Solomon Island Mexico Brazil; P. megakarya--Nigeria Cameroon Ghana Fernando Po Gabon; P. megasperma--Venezuela; P. palmivora--both mating widely distibuted worldwide; A2 is somewhat more common. Origin of P.palmivora may be in Central or South America where several native hosts occur; the Indo-Pacific region is another less likely possibility. There are indications of an Asian origin of P.cinnamomi ranging from New Guinea through Indonesia Sumatra and Malaysia north to Taiwan with another center A1 mating type in the southern Cape Province of South Africa. The A2 type of P.cinnamomi is widely distributed worldwide on over 1000 hosts in over 70 countries. The A1 is much less common but is predominant in New Guinea and southern South Africa. On the basis of extensive sampling of native hosts primarily Persea americana and related species in indigenous situations in Latin America it appears that P. cinnamomi is not an indigenous fungus in the Americas

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Abstract

The centers of origins of tropical species of Phytophthora are quite controversial. Information is presented on the possible origin of P. palmivora P. cinnamomi P. infestans and P. colocasiae. Five or possibly six species of Phytophthora are pathogens of cacao Theobroma cacao. Distribution of these species on cacao follows: P. capsici--Brazil Mexico Guaternala El Salvador Jamaica Venezuela Cameroon; P. citrophthora--Brazil Mexico; P. heveae--Malaysia Solomon Island Mexico Brazil; P. megakarya--Nigeria Cameroon Ghana Fernando Po Gabon; P. megasperma--Venezuela; P. palmivora--both mating widely distibuted worldwide; A2 is somewhat more common. Origin of P.palmivora may be in Central or South America where several native hosts occur; the Indo-Pacific region is another less likely possibility. There are indications of an Asian origin of P.cinnamomi ranging from New Guinea through Indonesia Sumatra and Malaysia north to Taiwan with another center A1 mating type in the southern Cape Province of South Africa. The A2 type of P.cinnamomi is widely distributed worldwide on over 1000 hosts in over 70 countries. The A1 is much less common but is predominant in New Guinea and southern South Africa. On the basis of extensive sampling of native hosts primarily Persea americana and related species in indigenous situations in Latin America it appears that P. cinnamomi is not an indigenous fungus in the Americas

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Item Type:	Proceedings Paper
Additional Information:	Summary En
AGROVOC Term:	THEOBROMA CACAO
AGROVOC Term:	PHYTOPHTHORA
AGROVOC Term:	ZONA TROPICAL/ DISTRIBUCION NATURAL
AGROVOC Term:	ESPECIES
AGROVOC Term:	ORGANISMOS PATOGENOS
Geographical Term:	MALAYSIA
Depositing User:	Ms. Norfaezah Khomsan
Last Modified:	24 Apr 2025 05:26
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/15079

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