Development of very small cocoa clones with high production efficiency by using the DM1 Dwarf gene

Epaina P., . and Efron Y., . and Nideson D., . (2006) Development of very small cocoa clones with high production efficiency by using the DM1 Dwarf gene. [Proceedings Paper]

A mutant cocoa MJ 12-226 with abnormal growth characteristics was identified at the Cocoa and Coconut Institute of PNG. Progenies derived from crosses with the mutant as female parent segregate in an equal proportion of mutant and normal crosses with the mutant as female parent segregate in an equal proportion of mutant and normal phenotypes. When the mutant segregants are used as rootstock they have a significant dwarfing effects on the growth of the grafted scions. To use the mutant segregants as a tree rather than a rootstock a project was initiated to transfer the dwarf mutant gene DM1 into different genetic backgrounds by crossing the mutant clone with several different normal cocoa clones. This was to create sufficient genetic variability in a population of mutant cocoa genotypes as source materials for selction of very small clones with desirable characteristics. Preliminary results showed that there was variability in the express ion of the DM1 allele among the mutant segregants for plant growth parameters. The differences in the plant characteristics will be followed with time in addition to the assessment for yield potential resistance to diseases and pests and other agronomic traits. Desirable genotypes from the variable population will be backcrossed to the normal parental clones to transfer the favorable traits to the mutant genotype. Several cycles of selection and backcrossing will be done until most of the favorable traits are transferred. The transformed mutant plants can then be used for commercial or for further breeding purposes.

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Abstract

A mutant cocoa MJ 12-226 with abnormal growth characteristics was identified at the Cocoa and Coconut Institute of PNG. Progenies derived from crosses with the mutant as female parent segregate in an equal proportion of mutant and normal crosses with the mutant as female parent segregate in an equal proportion of mutant and normal phenotypes. When the mutant segregants are used as rootstock they have a significant dwarfing effects on the growth of the grafted scions. To use the mutant segregants as a tree rather than a rootstock a project was initiated to transfer the dwarf mutant gene DM1 into different genetic backgrounds by crossing the mutant clone with several different normal cocoa clones. This was to create sufficient genetic variability in a population of mutant cocoa genotypes as source materials for selction of very small clones with desirable characteristics. Preliminary results showed that there was variability in the express ion of the DM1 allele among the mutant segregants for plant growth parameters. The differences in the plant characteristics will be followed with time in addition to the assessment for yield potential resistance to diseases and pests and other agronomic traits. Desirable genotypes from the variable population will be backcrossed to the normal parental clones to transfer the favorable traits to the mutant genotype. Several cycles of selection and backcrossing will be done until most of the favorable traits are transferred. The transformed mutant plants can then be used for commercial or for further breeding purposes.

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Item Type:	Proceedings Paper
Additional Information:	5 ill. 4 tables. 6 ref.
AGROVOC Term:	THEOBROMA CACAO
AGROVOC Term:	MUTANTS
AGROVOC Term:	PHENOTYPES
AGROVOC Term:	SEEDLINGS
AGROVOC Term:	CLONES
AGROVOC Term:	PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Geographical Term:	MALAYSIA
Depositing User:	Ms. Norfaezah Khomsan
Last Modified:	24 Apr 2025 05:26
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/15552

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