Blame it to the planting materials

Chia C.C., . and Rao V., . and Law I.H., . Blame it to the planting materials. pp. 663-673. ISSN 0126-575X

The planting materials from mainstream oil plam breeders in Malaysia are of high potential with quality dictated by increasingly strcit standards. The materials are supplied mainly as germinated seeds. The seeds vary in shape and size but except for very small seeds needing more nursery care that has no bearing on performance. Barring contamination the materials are all Dura X Pisifera (DxP)F subscript 1 hybrids though not completely heterozygous as pure parental lines are not readily available. Among the segregants will be some genetically inferior plants identifiable if growing conditions are optimal but harder to distinguish in poor nurseries and fields. Genetical aberrants such as grassy leaves few and erect fronds wide internodes flat top crowns stiff pinnae crown disease genetic orange spotting chimaeras and white streak palms are almost always low yielding and should be removed by nursery culling or field posinoning. Generally overall growth and foliage colours are determined by growing conditions while plant habit is more under genetic control. Breeders have also attempted to breed for dwarf types as tall palms are more difficult to harvest. Dwarfism is under genetic control but the challenge has been to comnbine it with high oil yields. Fruit yield itself is largely determined by agronomic conditions and practices but of its component bunch number and bunch size the latter is more devided by genetics though expression is influence by age and environment. Planting materials with few large bunches or many small ones both routes achieving the same yield are possible. Larger bunches entail more loose fruit picking for the same bunch ripeness while smaller bunches enjoin more harvesting. Bunch oil content unlike bunch production is largely deternmined by genetics though actual factory extraction rates will depend on ripeness and recovery. Oil composition is also under genetic control and there is interest to produce different types of palm oil through breeding and more recently by genetic engineering. The longevity and value of the oil plam crop cycle mandates through debate of any new breeding target and method lest planting materials become the problem.

Full text available from:

Abstract

The planting materials from mainstream oil plam breeders in Malaysia are of high potential with quality dictated by increasingly strcit standards. The materials are supplied mainly as germinated seeds. The seeds vary in shape and size but except for very small seeds needing more nursery care that has no bearing on performance. Barring contamination the materials are all Dura X Pisifera (DxP)F subscript 1 hybrids though not completely heterozygous as pure parental lines are not readily available. Among the segregants will be some genetically inferior plants identifiable if growing conditions are optimal but harder to distinguish in poor nurseries and fields. Genetical aberrants such as grassy leaves few and erect fronds wide internodes flat top crowns stiff pinnae crown disease genetic orange spotting chimaeras and white streak palms are almost always low yielding and should be removed by nursery culling or field posinoning. Generally overall growth and foliage colours are determined by growing conditions while plant habit is more under genetic control. Breeders have also attempted to breed for dwarf types as tall palms are more difficult to harvest. Dwarfism is under genetic control but the challenge has been to comnbine it with high oil yields. Fruit yield itself is largely determined by agronomic conditions and practices but of its component bunch number and bunch size the latter is more devided by genetics though expression is influence by age and environment. Planting materials with few large bunches or many small ones both routes achieving the same yield are possible. Larger bunches entail more loose fruit picking for the same bunch ripeness while smaller bunches enjoin more harvesting. Bunch oil content unlike bunch production is largely deternmined by genetics though actual factory extraction rates will depend on ripeness and recovery. Oil composition is also under genetic control and there is interest to produce different types of palm oil through breeding and more recently by genetic engineering. The longevity and value of the oil plam crop cycle mandates through debate of any new breeding target and method lest planting materials become the problem.

[error in script]

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	Summary (En)
AGROVOC Term:	OIL PALMS
AGROVOC Term:	ELAEIS GUINEENSIS
AGROVOC Term:	PLANTING
AGROVOC Term:	PLANTING STOCK
AGROVOC Term:	GERMINATION
AGROVOC Term:	SEED
AGROVOC Term:	GENETICS
AGROVOC Term:	GENETIC CONTROL
AGROVOC Term:	GENETIC TRANSFORMATION
AGROVOC Term:	MALAYSIA PALMAS OLEAGINOSAS
Depositing User:	Ms. Norfaezah Khomsan
Last Modified:	24 Apr 2025 05:52
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/17808

Actions (login required)

View Item