Citation
Anis Irfan Norazhar and Wan Norhamidah Wan Ibrahim and Nur Atikah Saleh Hodin and Siti Munirah Mohd Faudzi and Khozirah Shaari (2022) Zebrafish embryotoxicity and teratogenic effects of Christia vespertilionis leaf extract. Pertanika Journal Tropical Agricultural Science (Malaysia), 45 (2). pp. 351-366. ISSN 1511-3701
Abstract
Christia vespertilionis or butterfly wings is a traditional medicinal plant used to treat, among others, colds and bronchitis. The plant was also reported to be a remedy for cancer, with several products based on the plant becoming commercially available, raising some safety concerns on its consumption. The present study was carried out to assess the toxic and teratogenic effects of the plant on the embryonic development of zebrafish (Danio rerio) as the animal model. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 μg/mL of the methanolic leaf extract of C. vespertilionis, starting from 5 to 120 hours post-fertilization (hpf). The median lethal concentration (LC₅₀) value of the extract was determined to be 419.84 μg/mL, which is within the safety limit stipulated by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guideline. However, results from the teratogenicity evaluation revealed multiple signs of developmental defects in embryos exposed to 200 μg/mL and higher concentrations of the extract. The magnitude of the defects was observed to be concentration-dependent. Moreover, no hatching and spontaneous movement of tail coiling were observed at 400 and 800 μg/mL concentrations due to the delayed growth and early mortality, respectively. A significant reduction in heartbeat rate was also reported for the surviving embryos at the 400 μg/mL test concentration. The present study has provided preliminary results on the potentially toxic and teratogenic effects of the extract at high concentrations.
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Abstract
Christia vespertilionis or butterfly wings is a traditional medicinal plant used to treat, among others, colds and bronchitis. The plant was also reported to be a remedy for cancer, with several products based on the plant becoming commercially available, raising some safety concerns on its consumption. The present study was carried out to assess the toxic and teratogenic effects of the plant on the embryonic development of zebrafish (Danio rerio) as the animal model. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 μg/mL of the methanolic leaf extract of C. vespertilionis, starting from 5 to 120 hours post-fertilization (hpf). The median lethal concentration (LC₅₀) value of the extract was determined to be 419.84 μg/mL, which is within the safety limit stipulated by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guideline. However, results from the teratogenicity evaluation revealed multiple signs of developmental defects in embryos exposed to 200 μg/mL and higher concentrations of the extract. The magnitude of the defects was observed to be concentration-dependent. Moreover, no hatching and spontaneous movement of tail coiling were observed at 400 and 800 μg/mL concentrations due to the delayed growth and early mortality, respectively. A significant reduction in heartbeat rate was also reported for the surviving embryos at the 400 μg/mL test concentration. The present study has provided preliminary results on the potentially toxic and teratogenic effects of the extract at high concentrations.
Additional Metadata
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| AGROVOC Term: | Cypriniformes |
| AGROVOC Term: | embryo stage |
| AGROVOC Term: | leaf extract |
| AGROVOC Term: | medicinal plants |
| AGROVOC Term: | toxicity |
| AGROVOC Term: | teratogenicity |
| AGROVOC Term: | research |
| AGROVOC Term: | developmental stages |
| AGROVOC Term: | growth period |
| AGROVOC Term: | effects |
| Geographical Term: | Malaysia |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Christia vespertilionis, embryotoxicity, methanolic extract, teratogenic effects |
| Depositing User: | Ms. Azariah Hashim |
| Date Deposited: | 27 Jan 2025 02:38 |
| Last Modified: | 27 Jan 2025 02:38 |
| URI: | http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/1912 |
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