Efficacy of turmeric Curcuma longa rhizome extract against the marine parasitic Leech in aquaculture

Muhammad Dawood Shah, . and Nurul Syamimi Mohamad Alwi, . and Venmathi Maran, Balu Alagar (2023) Efficacy of turmeric Curcuma longa rhizome extract against the marine parasitic Leech in aquaculture. Journal of Sustainability Science and Management (Malaysia), 18 (11). pp. 176-184. ISSN 2672-7226

Zeylanicobdella arugamensis (Annelida, Hirudinea, Piscicolidae) is a marine parasitic leech that poses a serious threat to the aquaculture industry in Malaysia, particularly in cultivated hybrid groupers. The turmeric plant, a rhizome of Curcuma longa (Spermatophyta, Zingiberaceae), locally known as “Kunyit,” has been utilised in this study to elucidate its antiparasitic efficacy as a natural biological control method against Z. arugamensis. The parasitic leeches were hand-picked from a heavily infested hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus x Epinephelus lanceolatus). These parasitic leeches were evaluated against a methanol extract of C. longa rhizome. The study was conducted in vitro, and the extracts were applied at 25, 50, and 100 mg/mL doses. Notably, at a dosage of 100 mg/mL, significant parasitic leech mortality was observed within a short period of 6.12 minutes. Before their mortality, we keenly observed their behavioural changes, such as altered motility and the inability to connect to the surface via suckers. Thus, our study indicates that the extract of C. longa rhizome demonstrated significant antiparasitic activity against Z. arugamensis.

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Abstract

Zeylanicobdella arugamensis (Annelida, Hirudinea, Piscicolidae) is a marine parasitic leech that poses a serious threat to the aquaculture industry in Malaysia, particularly in cultivated hybrid groupers. The turmeric plant, a rhizome of Curcuma longa (Spermatophyta, Zingiberaceae), locally known as “Kunyit,” has been utilised in this study to elucidate its antiparasitic efficacy as a natural biological control method against Z. arugamensis. The parasitic leeches were hand-picked from a heavily infested hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus x Epinephelus lanceolatus). These parasitic leeches were evaluated against a methanol extract of C. longa rhizome. The study was conducted in vitro, and the extracts were applied at 25, 50, and 100 mg/mL doses. Notably, at a dosage of 100 mg/mL, significant parasitic leech mortality was observed within a short period of 6.12 minutes. Before their mortality, we keenly observed their behavioural changes, such as altered motility and the inability to connect to the surface via suckers. Thus, our study indicates that the extract of C. longa rhizome demonstrated significant antiparasitic activity against Z. arugamensis.

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Item Type:	Article
AGROVOC Term:	aquaculture
AGROVOC Term:	Hirudinea
AGROVOC Term:	turmeric
AGROVOC Term:	biological control
AGROVOC Term:	efficiency
AGROVOC Term:	in vitro culture
AGROVOC Term:	antiparasitic agents
Geographical Term:	Malaysia
Depositing User:	Mr. Khoirul Asrimi Md Nor
Date Deposited:	24 Oct 2025 10:28
Last Modified:	24 Oct 2025 10:28
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/2164

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