Disease epidemiology and genetic diversity of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. elaeidis cause of Fusarium wilt of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)

Idris Abu Seman, . and Wheals A. E., . and Cooper R. M., . and Mohd Hefni Rusli, . and Sharma S., . Disease epidemiology and genetic diversity of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. elaeidis cause of Fusarium wilt of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). pp. 548-561. ISSN 1511-2780

Vascular wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. elaeidis (Foe) has devasted oil palm in west and central Africa. This study investigates the spatial distribution of Foe whereby non-random clustered patterns of the disease were recorded in four separate plantations in Ghana; infection from tree to tree via elongating roots therefore plays a more significant role than aerial distribution by conidiospores with management implications. Control of Foe with disease-resistant palm lines can depend on the genetic variability of Foe isolates. Twenty-two putative Foe isolates from several African countries including Ghana were obtained from oil palms in infected areas for phylogenetic analysis along with 19 fungal outgroups using the TEF-1 gene. The data showed Foe isolates have a monophyletic origin and therefore limited diversity. Palm adapted isolates of F. oxysporum appear to have evolved independently as ff. spp. elaeidis albedinis and canariensis were nested into three independent groups. Slowly developing (chronic) and fast severe (acute) Fusarium wilt are both evident in plantations and we provide preliminary evidence that Foe isolates different aggressiveness might contribute to this variation. Sampling for Foe infection from xylem in extracted stem cores revealed the deficiency of field surveys based only on visual symptoms.

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Abstract

Vascular wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. elaeidis (Foe) has devasted oil palm in west and central Africa. This study investigates the spatial distribution of Foe whereby non-random clustered patterns of the disease were recorded in four separate plantations in Ghana; infection from tree to tree via elongating roots therefore plays a more significant role than aerial distribution by conidiospores with management implications. Control of Foe with disease-resistant palm lines can depend on the genetic variability of Foe isolates. Twenty-two putative Foe isolates from several African countries including Ghana were obtained from oil palms in infected areas for phylogenetic analysis along with 19 fungal outgroups using the TEF-1 gene. The data showed Foe isolates have a monophyletic origin and therefore limited diversity. Palm adapted isolates of F. oxysporum appear to have evolved independently as ff. spp. elaeidis albedinis and canariensis were nested into three independent groups. Slowly developing (chronic) and fast severe (acute) Fusarium wilt are both evident in plantations and we provide preliminary evidence that Foe isolates different aggressiveness might contribute to this variation. Sampling for Foe infection from xylem in extracted stem cores revealed the deficiency of field surveys based only on visual symptoms.

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Item Type:	Article
AGROVOC Term:	Fusarium oxysporum
AGROVOC Term:	Elaeis guineensis
AGROVOC Term:	Plant diseases
AGROVOC Term:	Genes
AGROVOC Term:	Genetic diversity as resource
AGROVOC Term:	Fungal diseases
AGROVOC Term:	Epidemiology
AGROVOC Term:	Plantations
AGROVOC Term:	Disease symptoms
AGROVOC Term:	Nucleotide sequence
Depositing User:	Ms. Suzila Mohamad Kasim
Last Modified:	24 Apr 2025 06:28
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/24128

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