Anaplasmosis and theileriosis in Friesian cross cattle in Kelantan

Wan Norul Huda W. A. W., . and Wan Nuruliyana W. A., . and Zainani H., . (2023) Anaplasmosis and theileriosis in Friesian cross cattle in Kelantan. Malaysian Journal of Veterinary Research (Malaysia), 14 (1). pp. 43-49. ISSN 2180-3897

Anaplasma marginale is a rickettsial parasite that causes progressive anemia in ruminants leading to huge economic losses. This is a diagnostic case of rickettsial infection, anaplasmosis, and theileriosis in Friesian cross cattle, which cause death and high economic loss to the farm in Pulai Chondong District, Kelantan. The case is diagnosed as jaundice due to Anaplasma spp. and Theileria spp. based upon postmortem finding, case history, and detection of blood parasites through diagnostic test by thin blood smear as well as May Grunwald Giemsa (MGG) staining technique. Hence, a greater understanding of the hemoparasitic infection and its preventive management in animals would help reduces the economic losses of the farm. A herd of Friesian Cross Dairy Cattle in Machang, Kelantan had a history of high mortality of 50 % with the herd showing signs of jaundice and drop in milk production. Blood samples were taken from the five remainder animals on the farm as well as postmortem done on one carcass. Postmortem of the carcass revealed generalized yellowish discoloration of body fats and internal organs with dark brown urine in the bladder and oedematous lungs. Klebsiella pneumonia was isolated from the kidneys. Histopathology examination revealed fibrinous pneumonia, pulmonary oedema and haemorrahge, severe haemorrhage and haemosiderosis of hepatocytes and spleen, and interstitial hemorrhage of the nephrocytes. Blood analysis revealed that the herd suffering from anaemia and have elevated levels of liver enzymes. However, the elevated levels do not indicate whether the herd was suffering from prehepatic, hepatic, or post hepatic jaundice. Thin blood smears with May Grunwald Giemsa staining technique revealed Anaplasma spp. and Theileria spp. under 100 x magnification. Thus, the final diagnosis of the herd was anaplasmosis and theileriosis. Hence, greater understanding of the haemoparasitic infection and its preventive management in animals would help reduces the economic losses of the farm.

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Abstract

Anaplasma marginale is a rickettsial parasite that causes progressive anemia in ruminants leading to huge economic losses. This is a diagnostic case of rickettsial infection, anaplasmosis, and theileriosis in Friesian cross cattle, which cause death and high economic loss to the farm in Pulai Chondong District, Kelantan. The case is diagnosed as jaundice due to Anaplasma spp. and Theileria spp. based upon postmortem finding, case history, and detection of blood parasites through diagnostic test by thin blood smear as well as May Grunwald Giemsa (MGG) staining technique. Hence, a greater understanding of the hemoparasitic infection and its preventive management in animals would help reduces the economic losses of the farm. A herd of Friesian Cross Dairy Cattle in Machang, Kelantan had a history of high mortality of 50 % with the herd showing signs of jaundice and drop in milk production. Blood samples were taken from the five remainder animals on the farm as well as postmortem done on one carcass. Postmortem of the carcass revealed generalized yellowish discoloration of body fats and internal organs with dark brown urine in the bladder and oedematous lungs. Klebsiella pneumonia was isolated from the kidneys. Histopathology examination revealed fibrinous pneumonia, pulmonary oedema and haemorrahge, severe haemorrhage and haemosiderosis of hepatocytes and spleen, and interstitial hemorrhage of the nephrocytes. Blood analysis revealed that the herd suffering from anaemia and have elevated levels of liver enzymes. However, the elevated levels do not indicate whether the herd was suffering from prehepatic, hepatic, or post hepatic jaundice. Thin blood smears with May Grunwald Giemsa staining technique revealed Anaplasma spp. and Theileria spp. under 100 x magnification. Thus, the final diagnosis of the herd was anaplasmosis and theileriosis. Hence, greater understanding of the haemoparasitic infection and its preventive management in animals would help reduces the economic losses of the farm.

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Item Type:	Article
AGROVOC Term:	cattle
AGROVOC Term:	Anaplasmosis
AGROVOC Term:	postmortem examination
AGROVOC Term:	histopathology
AGROVOC Term:	Klebsiella pneumoniae
AGROVOC Term:	jaundice
Geographical Term:	Malaysia
Depositing User:	Mr. Khoirul Asrimi Md Nor
Date Deposited:	20 Jun 2025 03:02
Last Modified:	20 Jun 2025 03:02
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/2874

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