Citation
Nur Fazne Ibrahim, . and Muzzalifah Abd Hamid, . and Mohd Fadzil Mohd Akhir, . and Wan Izatul Asma Wan Talaat, . and Ong, Meng Chuan and Izwandy Idris, . (2025) Spatial dynamics of macrobenthos assemblages in different breakwater systems in Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia. Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 33 (1). 75- 98. ISSN 2231-8526
Abstract
The Sultan Mahmud Airport runway extension in 2008 resulted in coastal erosion along the Kuala Nerus shorelines. In response, different breakwater systems were constructed to mitigate erosion. Despite previous reports highlighting the effects of breakwaters on marine organisms, the local impact remains uncertain. Therefore, this study investigates the spatial impact of different breakwater systems on macrobenthos composition in the Kuala Nerus coastal area. Samplings were conducted at 12 substations across five main stations, covering sheltered and exposed areas. Results revealed 27,137 macrobenthos individuals, with groyne exhibiting the highest macrobenthos composition (8448.79 ± 2813.73 ind./m²). Gastropoda dominated (4971.01–41608.70 ind./m²), followed by Bivalvia (2927.54–12391.20 ind./m²) and Polychaeta (1000.00–4956.52 ind./m²). Macrobenthos compositions in the sheltered and exposed stations differed significantly (p < 0.05). The coastal area is predominantly sandy (30.68%–77.32%) with relatively stable total organic matter (TOM) and heavy metal concentrations. Current speed and significant wave height (Hs) are lower in sheltered stations, while bathymetry is deeper in exposed stations (up to 8 m). The macrobenthos assemblages are influenced by soft-bottom characteristics and food availability, with the hydrodynamic stress from the breakwater system governing these two primary factors.
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Abstract
The Sultan Mahmud Airport runway extension in 2008 resulted in coastal erosion along the Kuala Nerus shorelines. In response, different breakwater systems were constructed to mitigate erosion. Despite previous reports highlighting the effects of breakwaters on marine organisms, the local impact remains uncertain. Therefore, this study investigates the spatial impact of different breakwater systems on macrobenthos composition in the Kuala Nerus coastal area. Samplings were conducted at 12 substations across five main stations, covering sheltered and exposed areas. Results revealed 27,137 macrobenthos individuals, with groyne exhibiting the highest macrobenthos composition (8448.79 ± 2813.73 ind./m²). Gastropoda dominated (4971.01–41608.70 ind./m²), followed by Bivalvia (2927.54–12391.20 ind./m²) and Polychaeta (1000.00–4956.52 ind./m²). Macrobenthos compositions in the sheltered and exposed stations differed significantly (p < 0.05). The coastal area is predominantly sandy (30.68%–77.32%) with relatively stable total organic matter (TOM) and heavy metal concentrations. Current speed and significant wave height (Hs) are lower in sheltered stations, while bathymetry is deeper in exposed stations (up to 8 m). The macrobenthos assemblages are influenced by soft-bottom characteristics and food availability, with the hydrodynamic stress from the breakwater system governing these two primary factors.
Additional Metadata
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| AGROVOC Term: | macrobenthos |
| AGROVOC Term: | Gastropoda |
| AGROVOC Term: | Bivalvia |
| AGROVOC Term: | Polychaeta |
| AGROVOC Term: | organic matter |
| AGROVOC Term: | heavy metals |
| AGROVOC Term: | sampling |
| AGROVOC Term: | wave height |
| AGROVOC Term: | groynes |
| AGROVOC Term: | bathymetry |
| Geographical Term: | Malaysia |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Bathymetry, breakwater system, groyne, Kuala Nerus, macrobenthos |
| Depositing User: | Ms. Azariah Hashim |
| Date Deposited: | 17 Aug 2026 03:52 |
| Last Modified: | 17 Aug 2026 03:52 |
| URI: | http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/4349 |
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