Ectomycorrhizal fungi in dry and wet dipterocarp forests in Northern Thailand - diversity and use as food

Dell B., . and Sanmee R., . and Lumyong P., . and Lumyong S., . (2006) Ectomycorrhizal fungi in dry and wet dipterocarp forests in Northern Thailand - diversity and use as food. In: 8th Round-Table Conference on Dipterocarps: Dipterocarps - Enhancing Capacities in Sustainable Development and Poverty Alleviation, 15-17 Nov 2005, Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnam).

Wild mushrooms are annually harvested for food from dry and wet dipterocarp forests of northern Thailand. Most of the species gathered fruit in association with host trees and form symbiotic associations know as ectomycorrhizas. This paper documents the diversity of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi and collection as food. Forest fungi were collected from dipterocarp-dominated (mostly Dipterocarpus and Shorea spp.) primary and secondary forests in four provinces of northern Thailand Chiang Mai Chiang Rai Mae Hong Son and Phayao Provinces over three years. For comparative purposes the diversity of larger fungi was also investigated in forests dominated by the Fagaceae or the Pinaceae. The dry dipterocarp forests had greater diversity of fruiting ECM fungi than the wet dipterocarp forests (11 families 21 genera and 52 spp.; 8 families 15 genera and 24 spp. respectively). The dominant genera in the dry dipterocarp forests were Russula (11 spp.) Boletus (7 spp.) and Amanita (5 spp.) whereas in the wet dipterocarp forests Amanita (5 spp.) was the main genus followed by Lactarius = Russula (3 spp. each). Overall ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity in dipterocarp forests (57 spp.) was intermediate between oak (161 spp.) and pine (15spp.) forests. However 65% of the ECM fungi that were associated with dipterocarps were not observed fruiting in other forest types. In the wet season 19 ECM fungal species in ten genera were taken from dipterocarp forests (19 spp. from dry forests 8 spp. from wet forests) by local people for sale in village roadside and town markets. The market value of the most valuable fungus the earth star (hed phor) Astraeus hygrometricus ranged from 300-400 Baht (7-10 US$)/kg. Aspects of fungal conservation and their use in reforestation are discussed.

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Abstract

Wild mushrooms are annually harvested for food from dry and wet dipterocarp forests of northern Thailand. Most of the species gathered fruit in association with host trees and form symbiotic associations know as ectomycorrhizas. This paper documents the diversity of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi and collection as food. Forest fungi were collected from dipterocarp-dominated (mostly Dipterocarpus and Shorea spp.) primary and secondary forests in four provinces of northern Thailand Chiang Mai Chiang Rai Mae Hong Son and Phayao Provinces over three years. For comparative purposes the diversity of larger fungi was also investigated in forests dominated by the Fagaceae or the Pinaceae. The dry dipterocarp forests had greater diversity of fruiting ECM fungi than the wet dipterocarp forests (11 families 21 genera and 52 spp.; 8 families 15 genera and 24 spp. respectively). The dominant genera in the dry dipterocarp forests were Russula (11 spp.) Boletus (7 spp.) and Amanita (5 spp.) whereas in the wet dipterocarp forests Amanita (5 spp.) was the main genus followed by Lactarius = Russula (3 spp. each). Overall ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity in dipterocarp forests (57 spp.) was intermediate between oak (161 spp.) and pine (15spp.) forests. However 65% of the ECM fungi that were associated with dipterocarps were not observed fruiting in other forest types. In the wet season 19 ECM fungal species in ten genera were taken from dipterocarp forests (19 spp. from dry forests 8 spp. from wet forests) by local people for sale in village roadside and town markets. The market value of the most valuable fungus the earth star (hed phor) Astraeus hygrometricus ranged from 300-400 Baht (7-10 US$)/kg. Aspects of fungal conservation and their use in reforestation are discussed.

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Item Type:	Conference or Workshop Item (Paper)
Additional Information:	Available at Perpustakaan Sultan Abdul Samad Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Malaysia. QK 495 D564R859 2005 (095003273) Call Number
AGROVOC Term:	Dipterocarpaceae
AGROVOC Term:	Dipterocarpus
AGROVOC Term:	Shorea
AGROVOC Term:	Sampling
AGROVOC Term:	Primary forests
AGROVOC Term:	Secondary forests
AGROVOC Term:	Mushrooms
AGROVOC Term:	Fungi
AGROVOC Term:	Ectomycorrhizae
AGROVOC Term:	Edible fungi
Geographical Term:	MALAYSIA
Depositing User:	Mr. AFANDI ABDUL MALEK
Last Modified:	24 Apr 2025 00:52
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/7700

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