Recent research on acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) and Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei in Thailand

Flegel T. W., . and Sritunyaluucksana K., . Recent research on acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) and Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei in Thailand. pp. 257-269. ISSN 0116-6514

This review (up to 20 October 2016) covers two newly emerging serious diseases in Asian shrimp aquaculture since 2009. The first (recognized in 2013) is acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) caused by isolates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VPAHPND) that carry a pVA plasmid containing genes for PirA– and PirB– toxins. The second is hepatopancreatic microsporidiosis (HPM) caused by Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP). AHPND causes high early mortality but prevalence may be overestimated if mistakenly equated with early mortality syndrome (EMS) a practice that is not problematic for farmers or the popular press but is unacceptable for science. Progress on AHPND research in Thailand has focused on characterization of VPAHPND isolates and development of molecular detection methods based their toxin proteins and respective genes. Additional work on AHPND outbreak ponds has revealed bacterial partners that have a potent synergistic effect on VPAHPND virulence. Unlike AHPND losses from HPM result from growth inhibition rather than mortality. However this was not immediately recognized because growth inhibition from HPM is not easily detectable until the second or third month of cultivation after the period of highest risk for AHPND. Work in Thailand has focused on the characterization and detection of EHP in broodstock and postlarvae (PL) and on development of laboratory infection models.

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Abstract

This review (up to 20 October 2016) covers two newly emerging serious diseases in Asian shrimp aquaculture since 2009. The first (recognized in 2013) is acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) caused by isolates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VPAHPND) that carry a pVA plasmid containing genes for PirA– and PirB– toxins. The second is hepatopancreatic microsporidiosis (HPM) caused by Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP). AHPND causes high early mortality but prevalence may be overestimated if mistakenly equated with early mortality syndrome (EMS) a practice that is not problematic for farmers or the popular press but is unacceptable for science. Progress on AHPND research in Thailand has focused on characterization of VPAHPND isolates and development of molecular detection methods based their toxin proteins and respective genes. Additional work on AHPND outbreak ponds has revealed bacterial partners that have a potent synergistic effect on VPAHPND virulence. Unlike AHPND losses from HPM result from growth inhibition rather than mortality. However this was not immediately recognized because growth inhibition from HPM is not easily detectable until the second or third month of cultivation after the period of highest risk for AHPND. Work in Thailand has focused on the characterization and detection of EHP in broodstock and postlarvae (PL) and on development of laboratory infection models.

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Item Type:	Article
AGROVOC Term:	Prawns and shrimps
AGROVOC Term:	Penaeus
AGROVOC Term:	Decapoda
AGROVOC Term:	Shellfish culture
AGROVOC Term:	Crustacean culture
AGROVOC Term:	Aquaculture
AGROVOC Term:	Research
AGROVOC Term:	Animal diseases
AGROVOC Term:	Vibrio
AGROVOC Term:	Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Depositing User:	Mr. AFANDI ABDUL MALEK
Last Modified:	24 Apr 2025 00:54
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/7988

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