Developing Dive Site Risk Assessment Model (DSRAM) to enhance tourism safety and sustainability in Perhentian Island

Nurul Haqimin Mohd Salleh, . and Muhammad Azali Hasmuni Anuar, . and Jagan Jeevan, . Developing Dive Site Risk Assessment Model (DSRAM) to enhance tourism safety and sustainability in Perhentian Island. pp. 125-135. ISSN 2672-7226

Recreational scuba diving sport in marine tourism industry has grown rapidly every year. Scuba diving is one of the primary attractions for tourist to visit Perhentian Island. It is worth mentioning that scuba diving is not just a recreational activity but it is also a survival skill. Divers are exposed to many risks which ultimately depend on many factors such as diver condition equipment and dive site. Statistically the accident rate at dive site is notably increasing every year around the world. So far no mathematical model has been developed for assessing the dive site risk dealing with multiple criteria. As a result this paper aims to develop a Dive Site Risk Assessment Model (DSRAM) with the objectives to identify prioritize assess and map the dive sites risk level in Perhentian Island. A hybrid method called Fuzzy Evidential Reasoning (FER) is utilised in this proposed model. The results have shown that the most influential risk factors at dive site are found to be boat traffic followed by current hazard wave visibility marine life threat and depth. It is expected that dive site risk levels produced by DSRAM can be used as safety guidance for commercial scuba divers and tourism operators (e.g. dive centre) in their diving routines. In addition the DSRAM model will also contribute significant benefits to a sustainable tourism industry by enhancing the safety of recreational scuba diving sport.

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Abstract

Recreational scuba diving sport in marine tourism industry has grown rapidly every year. Scuba diving is one of the primary attractions for tourist to visit Perhentian Island. It is worth mentioning that scuba diving is not just a recreational activity but it is also a survival skill. Divers are exposed to many risks which ultimately depend on many factors such as diver condition equipment and dive site. Statistically the accident rate at dive site is notably increasing every year around the world. So far no mathematical model has been developed for assessing the dive site risk dealing with multiple criteria. As a result this paper aims to develop a Dive Site Risk Assessment Model (DSRAM) with the objectives to identify prioritize assess and map the dive sites risk level in Perhentian Island. A hybrid method called Fuzzy Evidential Reasoning (FER) is utilised in this proposed model. The results have shown that the most influential risk factors at dive site are found to be boat traffic followed by current hazard wave visibility marine life threat and depth. It is expected that dive site risk levels produced by DSRAM can be used as safety guidance for commercial scuba divers and tourism operators (e.g. dive centre) in their diving routines. In addition the DSRAM model will also contribute significant benefits to a sustainable tourism industry by enhancing the safety of recreational scuba diving sport.

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Item Type:	Article
AGROVOC Term:	Tourism
AGROVOC Term:	Safety
AGROVOC Term:	Risk assessment
AGROVOC Term:	Islands
AGROVOC Term:	Case studies
AGROVOC Term:	Water activity
AGROVOC Term:	Recreation
AGROVOC Term:	Decision making
AGROVOC Term:	Mathematical models
AGROVOC Term:	Risk factors
Depositing User:	Mr. AFANDI ABDUL MALEK
Last Modified:	24 Apr 2025 00:54
URI:	http://webagris.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/9033

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